Crop Mapping with SAR and Remote Sensing

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Questions and Answers

What type of data is used in the Applied Remote Sensing Training Program for the area of Angus, Scotland?

  • Thermal infrared data
  • Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) (correct)
  • Multispectral satellite images
  • Optical imagery

On what date was the Pauli RGB data for Angus, Scotland captured?

  • 15th March 2019 (correct)
  • 15th January 2019
  • 15th February 2019
  • 15th April 2019

Who is the trainer for the Applied Remote Sensing Training Program?

  • Sarah Johnson
  • Armando Marino (correct)
  • John Smith
  • Michael Wang

Which online platform is mentioned for posting Q&A after the webinar?

<p>Training website (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the indicated practical session in the training program?

<p>Analysis of a small area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of NASA's Applied Remote Sensing Training Program (ARSET)?

<p>To increase the use of Earth science remote sensing and model data in decision-making (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topics is NOT included in the ARSET trainings?

<p>Space Mission Planning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are ARSET's training materials made available to participants?

<p>They are freely available to use and adapt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the format of ARSET training structured?

<p>Three 2.5-hour sessions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of professionals is NOT specifically mentioned as a target audience for ARSET training?

<p>Community leaders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which languages is the ARSET content presented?

<p>English and Spanish (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of training session format does ARSET utilize?

<p>Both online and in-person options (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required from participants if they use ARSET methods and data?

<p>Acknowledgment of the ARSET program (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which version of Python should be used to run the provided code?

<p>Python 3.6 or higher (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using Anaconda for Python installation?

<p>It includes most common libraries out of the box. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Jupyter Notebook?

<p>It is an editor for scripting and running code in a web interface. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following crops are mentioned in the content?

<p>Cereals, potatoes, and rapeseed oil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose does Spyder serve in the Anaconda installation?

<p>It is a Python editor for scripting. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action can be performed in Jupyter Notebook after it opens?

<p>Upload scripts using the Upload button. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of training program is mentioned in the content?

<p>Remote Sensing Training Program (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended first step before engaging with training materials?

<p>Attempt to solve coding exercises independently. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the due date for the homework assignment?

<p>April 25, 2023 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a prerequisite for the training program?

<p>Fundamentals of Remote Sensing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification techniques will be learned during the training?

<p>K-Means and Random Forest classifiers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will attendees be able to explain after participating in the training?

<p>How polarimetric parameters are used for crop condition assessment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately when will participants receive their certificate of completion?

<p>Two months after completing the course (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which date marks the session focused on monitoring crop growth?

<p>April 11, 2023 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What programming language will be used for machine learning activities in the practical?

<p>Python (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is part of the training objectives?

<p>Monitor crop growth using multitemporal PolSAR data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary step before starting the practical?

<p>Review materials from a previous training on PolSAR and optical remote sensing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sessions takes place on April 6, 2023?

<p>Crop Classification with Time Series Optical and Radar Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

ARSET (Applied Remote Sensing Training Program)

A NASA program that provides training on using Earth observation data to improve decision-making.

Crop Mapping

The application of remote sensing techniques to collect and analyze data from Earth's surface, such as crop distribution and health.

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)

A type of radar that uses synthetically generated signals to create detailed images of Earth's surface, even under cloudy conditions.

Optical Remote Sensing

Remote sensing techniques that use visible and infrared light to collect information about Earth's surface.

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Water Resource Data

A type of data collected by remote sensing techniques, often used to monitor water bodies and their changes.

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Air Quality Monitoring

The study and monitoring of airborne pollutants using remote sensing techniques.

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Disaster Monitoring

The use of remote sensing technologies to assess the effects of natural disasters and aid in relief efforts.

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Land Monitoring

Remote sensing applications that focus on understanding and managing land use, vegetation, and other land-related phenomena.

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What is Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)?

A technique using radar to create detailed images of the Earth's surface, even under cloudy conditions.

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What is Optical Remote Sensing?

Data collected from Earth's surface using visible and infrared light. This data is useful for identifying different types of land cover.

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What is ARSET?

A NASA program offering training on Earth observation data to enhance decision-making.

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What is the purpose of a Pauli RGB image?

An image created by combining different wavelengths of light reflected from the Earth's surface. The colors represent different types of land cover.

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What is Land Monitoring?

A process of analyzing how humans use and manage land, including vegetation and urbanization.

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What is Python?

A popular programming language known for its readability, versatility, and extensive libraries, making it well-suited for both quick scripting and complex system integration.

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What is Jupyter Notebook?

A powerful tool that provides interactive coding environments, allowing users to execute code in blocks and visualize results within a web browser.

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What is Anaconda?

A comprehensive software package that includes Python, a wide range of libraries, and tools for scientific computing, data analysis, and visualization.

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What is Spyder?

A Python editor designed for scientific computing, providing a user-friendly interface with features like code highlighting, debugging, and variable inspection.

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Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR)

A type of radar that uses polarized electromagnetic waves to collect data about the Earth's surface.

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Polarimetric Parameters

A set of measurements that describe different characteristics of a surface, like its roughness and orientation, using polarized radar waves.

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SAR Preprocessing

A technique to prepare raw radar data for analysis, removing errors and distortions caused by sensor limitations and atmospheric effects.

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Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

A measure of the reflectivity of vegetation in the near-infrared spectrum, used to assess plant health and biomass.

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Calibration of SAR-based Vegetation Index to NDVI

A method to adjust a SAR-based vegetation index to match the NDVI scale, allowing for easier comparison between different data sources.

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Multitemporal SAR Analysis

Analyzing how land cover changes over time using multiple SAR images acquired at different dates.

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Canopy Structure Dynamic Model

A computer model that simulates how vegetation grows and develops, using factors like temperature, water availability, and light.

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K-Means Clustering

A statistical method used to create groups or clusters of similar objects based on their characteristics.

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Random Forest Classifier

A supervised machine learning algorithm used to classify data by learning from labeled examples, aiming to make predictions for unseen data.

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Accuracy Evaluation

Evaluating the accuracy of a classification model by comparing its predictions to known ground truth data.

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Study Notes

Crop Mapping using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Optical Remote Sensing

  • The training program is part of NASA's Applied Sciences Capacity Building Program
  • It aims to empower the global community through online and in-person remote sensing training
  • Topics include water resources, air quality, disasters, and land, climate & energy
  • The program's goal is to increase the use of Earth science remote sensing and model data in decision-making for professionals in the public and private sector, environmental managers, and policymakers
  • All materials are freely available for use and adaptation
  • Training materials and recordings are available from the specified URL
  • Three 2.5-hour sessions are included, with presentations, demonstrations, and question-and-answer sessions
  • The same content will be presented at two different times each day
  • Session A will be presented in English, between 10:00-12:30 EST (UTC-4); Session B is in Spanish, between 13:00-15:30 EST (UTC-4)
  • Homework assignments are submitted via Google Forms and due April 25, 2023
  • A certificate of completion is awarded to those who attend all live webinars and complete the homework assignment on time. Certificates will be sent out approximately two months after the end of the course.

Training Outline

  • April 4, 2023: Crop Classification with Time Series of Polarimetric SAR Data
  • April 6, 2023: Crop Classification with Time Series Optical and Radar Data
  • April 11, 2023: Monitoring Crop Growth Through SAR-Derived Crop Structural Parameters

Training Objectives

  • Explain how polarimetric parameters are used for crop condition assessment
  • Demonstrate how to perform Sentinel-1 SAR preprocessing to derive quasi polarimetric parameters
  • Perform a calibration of a SAR-based vegetation index to NDVI
  • Monitor crop growth with multitemporal polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data from Sentinel-1
  • Examine crop growth using a canopy structure dynamic model and time series of Sentinel-1 imagery
  • Classify crop type using a time series of radar and optical imagery (Sentinel-1 & Sentinel-2)

Prerequisites

  • Fundamentals of Remote Sensing
  • Agricultural Crop Classification with Synthetic Aperture Radar and Optical Remote Sensing
  • Mapping Crops and their Biophysical Characteristics with Polarimetric SAR and Optical Remote Sensing
  • Python programming skills are necessary

Python

  • Python is a programming language for efficient and integrated system operations
  • The training uses Python 3.x
  • The suggested Python environment is Anaconda
  • A tutorial for Python 3.x is referenced

Jupyter Notebook

  • Anaconda will install Jupyter Notebook, with the icon appearing in the Start Menu (Windows)
  • Jupyter Notebook is a web-based application
  • Scripts can be uploaded via the "Upload" button

Spyder

  • Anaconda installs the Spyder Python editor
  • Spyder is a useful tool when scripting operational/automatic processing stacks

Data: Sentinel-1 ESA; Location: Angus, Scotland

  • The data is from Sentinel-1, ESA and covers the Angus region of Scotland
  • This small area of Scotland is the focus of the practical session
  • Crops in the region include cereals, potatoes, and rapeseed oil are predominantly observed
  • Images will be shown in "Pauli RGB" format

Contacts/Training Information

  • Training contact information including the name, email address, and training webpage link are listed
  • An ARSET (Applied Remote Sensing Training Program) website address for further information is given
  • Twitter account for the program is provided
  • A list of sister programs is shown

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