Crop Management and Irrigation Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What is a common festival celebrated during the harvest season?

Thanksgiving

Diwali (correct)

Ramadan

Christmas

What potential risk is associated with leaving harvested grain in the field?

Pollution and fire hazards (correct)

Increased crop yield

Enhanced insect growth

Improved soil quality

Why is it important to dry harvested grains before storage?

To change their color

To prevent spoilage and pest attacks (correct)

To enhance flavor

To increase their weight

Which method do farmers use to separate grain from chaff?

Winnowing Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if freshly harvested grains are stored without drying?

Spoilage and pest invasion Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended practice to further protect stored grains?

Adding fresh leaves of neem Signup and view all the answers

What causes problems for farmers regarding burned stubble left in the fields?

Causes pollution and may harm crops Signup and view all the answers

What type of damage can microorganisms cause to stored grains?

Cause spoilage and unfitness for use Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a drip system in agriculture?

To deliver water directly to the roots of plants Signup and view all the answers

What are weeds and why is their removal important?

Weeds are undesirable plants that compete with crops for resources. Signup and view all the answers

What is weeding most closely associated with?

The removal of unwanted plants from a crop field Signup and view all the answers

What is a precaution farmers should take when using weedicides?

Cover their nose and mouth during spraying Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about sprayers and weedicides is true?

Spraying weedicides may affect the health of farmers. Signup and view all the answers

In what way can tilling help with weed control?

It helps in uprooting and killing weeds. Signup and view all the answers

Which method is considered the best for watering fruit plants?

Drip irrigation Signup and view all the answers

What do farmers need to consider regarding the timing of spraying weedicides?

They should spray it before weeds flower and produce seeds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using manure and fertilizers in agriculture?

To provide nutrients for healthy plant growth Signup and view all the answers

How does a seed drill benefit the sowing process?

It distributes seeds uniformly at equal distances and depths Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to the soil if crops are continuously cultivated without any fallow periods?

The soil may become deficient in nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about manuring is true?

Manure is derived from plant or animal waste Signup and view all the answers

Why are seedlings grown in a nursery before being transplanted to the field?

To allow them to develop in a controlled environment Signup and view all the answers

What role does soil play for crop plants?

It provides mineral nutrients essential for growth Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of improper or insufficient manuring?

It may result in weak and unhealthy plants Signup and view all the answers

Why might birds be a concern during the sowing process?

They can damage the seeds Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent mosquitoes from breeding?

Keep the surroundings clean and dry Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism is responsible for causing malaria?

Protozoa Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended preventive measure for tuberculosis?

Isolation of the patient Signup and view all the answers

How is polio primarily transmitted?

Air/Water Signup and view all the answers

Which preventive measure is specific for cholera?

Boiling drinking water Signup and view all the answers

What personal hygiene practice can help prevent the spread of hepatitis A?

Drinking boiled drinking water Signup and view all the answers

Which method should be used to avoid chickenpox transmission?

Vaccination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for measles?

Air Signup and view all the answers

What are microorganisms primarily characterized by?

Their small size, often invisible to the naked eye Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is NOT classified as a microorganism?

Plants Signup and view all the answers

What method can be used to observe microorganisms on moist bread?

Looking through a magnifying glass Signup and view all the answers

Why are viruses considered different from other microorganisms?

They are not considered living organisms Signup and view all the answers

Which common ailment is NOT caused by viruses?

Bacterial pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What happens to bread in a moist environment during the rainy season?

It gets covered with greyish white patches due to microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

In which activity would you observe microorganisms in water from soil?

Activity 2.1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following microorganisms require a host to reproduce?

Viruses Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Crop Management

Crop management techniques enhance crop production and yield.
Seed Drill: A tool for sowing seeds at uniform distance and depth, saving time and labour.
Transplanting: A method of growing seedlings in nurseries and then transplanting them to the field.
Manure and Fertilizers: Substances added to the soil to provide nutrients for plant growth.
Manuring: Replenishing soil nutrients by adding manure to maintain soil fertility.
Weeds: Undesirable plants that compete with crop plants for resources, affecting their growth.
Weeding: Removal of weeds from fields to promote healthy crop growth.
Weedicides: Chemicals used to control weeds, applying with caution due to health risks.

Irrigation

Irrigation Methods: Different techniques for providing water to crops.
Sprinkler System: Water is sprinkled over crops, mimicking rainfall.
Drip System: Water is delivered directly to plant roots, reducing water waste and suitable for fruit plants, gardens, and trees.

Harvesting and Storage

Harvesting: The process of gathering ripe crops.
Combine Harvester: A machine that harvests crops and separates grain from stalks.
Winnowing: Method of separating grain from chaff (husk) by wind.
Storage: Maintaining harvested crops for longer periods, protecting them from moisture, insects, and microorganisms.
Drying: Grain is dried in the sun before storage to reduce moisture content and prevent spoilage.

Microorganisms

Microorganisms: Tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Types of Microorganisms: Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and algae.
Viruses: Microscopic entities that reproduce inside host cells.
Disease-Causing Microorganisms: Some microorganisms cause human diseases.
Preventive Measures: Measures to prevent the spread of diseases include vaccination, hygiene, and mosquito control.
Malaria: A disease caused by a protozoan parasite transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes.

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Description

Explore essential crop management and irrigation techniques that enhance agricultural productivity. Learn about seed drills, transplanting, and various methods of irrigation like sprinkler and drip systems. Understand the importance of nutrients, weed control, and the role of fertilizers in crop growth.