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Questions and Answers
What does the criminal justice system (CJS) aim to achieve?
Social control and deterring crime through sanctions and rehabilitation.
Which of the following are the primary components of the criminal justice system? (Select all that apply)
How many adults were supervised in jails, prisons, or on parole by the end of 2016?
More than 6.6 million.
Men and people of color are imprisoned at lower rates than average.
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What was the total cost of the criminal justice system in 2013?
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What is the role of the prosecutor in the criminal justice system?
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The criminal justice system typically begins when a crime becomes known to the _____.
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What types of support may crime victims require?
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Study Notes
Overview of the Criminal Justice System
- Comprises institutions, policies, and practices aimed at social control and crime deterrence through sanctions and rehabilitation.
- Three primary components: Law enforcement, Courts, and Corrections.
Components of the Criminal Justice System
- Law Enforcement: Investigates crimes and apprehends suspects.
- Courts: Interpret and apply laws, overseeing the judicial process.
- Corrections: Manage offenders through incarceration, parole, or probation.
Scale and Impact of the Criminal Justice System
- The criminal justice system is extensive and costly, overseeing large populations.
- By the end of 2016, over 6.6 million adults were under supervision in the U.S. (jails, prisons, or parole).
Demographics in the Criminal Justice System
- Disproportionate rates of imprisonment among men and people of color.
- Personal characteristics affect the severity of punishment for both offenders and victims.
Financial Aspects of the Criminal Justice System
- In 2013, the CJS employed 2.4 million individuals at a cost of $212 billion.
- Average cost per U.S. resident in 2013 was $670; resource scarcity and overcrowding have led to discussions about alternatives.
Process of the Criminal Justice System
- A crime is reported and investigated by the police, leading to the identification and apprehension of the offender.
- Information is presented to the prosecutor, who decides whether to file charges (including options for plea bargains).
- Arraignment occurs where defendants are informed of charges and rights.
Trial and Sentencing Procedures
- Defendants can plead guilty, not guilty, or nolo contendere.
- Trials involve presenting evidence and witness examination, concluding with either conviction or acquittal.
- Sentencing is determined by a judge or jury, especially in capital cases.
Victims in the Criminal Justice Process
- Victims' needs are often overlooked, which may include medical, emotional, and psychological support.
- Victim advocates are professionals who guide victims through recovery and insurance processes.
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Description
Test your understanding of Chapter 1 in CRJU 101, which introduces the criminal justice system, its institutions, policies, and practices. This quiz will help you grasp the foundational concepts of social control and crime deterrence in the criminal justice framework.
