Questions and Answers
What does 'total institution' refer to?
Enclosed facilities separated from society where the inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives.
In addition to prisons, which of the following could be categorized as a total institution?
What is the process by which new inmates learn about the prison subculture?
Prisonization
Jake is an inmate who treats prison as his home. He is considered to be a ________.
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What is likely to characterize Angeline's experience in prison?
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Which of the following is most likely to be a characteristic of a female inmate?
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What are corrections officers primarily concerned with?
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One of the main formative influences on the culture of correctional staff in prisons is?
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What were the riots in the federal prison system in October 1995 primarily related to?
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How have prison gangs changed in recent years?
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What is civil death?
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What was the primary policy of courts toward prison management prior to the 1960s?
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What strategies has prison staff instituted to reduce tension?
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Study Notes
Total Institutions
- "Total institution" describes enclosed facilities where inhabitants share all daily life aspects, separating them from society.
- Examples include prisons, concentration camps, and mental hospitals, where residents may be cut off from society either forcibly or voluntarily.
Characteristics of Total Institutions
- In addition to prisons, mental hospitals are categorized as total institutions, as defined by Erving Goffman, who studied these environments.
Prison Subculture
- Prisonization is the socialization process by which new inmates learn and assimilate into the prison subculture.
Inmate Types
- Colonizers view prison as home, feeling more comfortable and powerful inside than outside, often maintaining friendships in prison and returning to criminal activities post-release.
Experiences of Female Inmates
- Female prisoners, such as Angeline, often do not see their children during incarceration; over half of their children do not visit due to logistical challenges like transportation and location.
Demographics of Female Prisoners
- Nearly half (48%) of female inmates in state prisons are African American, highlighting a significant demographic trend among women offenders.
Role of Corrections Officers
- Corrections officers focus on custody and control of inmates, viewing these aspects as essential for maintaining order and safety before other correctional activities can occur.
Culture of Correctional Staff
- The threat from inmates heavily influences the culture among corrections staff, as they face hostility and are often outnumbered by the inmate population.
Notable Events: 1995 Prison Riots
- Riots across the federal prison system in October 1995 were primarily driven by inmate grievances related to federal drug sentencing disparities and concerns about the potential loss of weight-lifting equipment.
Evolution of Prison Gangs
- Modern prison gangs have transformed into extensive criminal organizations that use violence and operate beyond prison boundaries.
Civil Death
- Civil death refers to the status where individuals, like ex-offenders, may be stripped of certain rights, such as voting, after conviction, still evident in some jurisdictions.
Historical Court Policy
- Prior to the 1960s, the hands-off doctrine was the prevalent court policy, allowing prisons to self-manage without judicial interference, under the assumption that administrators would balance institutional needs and humane treatment.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 14 from CRJ 1113 with these flashcards. This chapter covers key concepts such as 'total institutions' and their implications on society. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of corrections and social psychology.
