12 Questions
What is the primary purpose of identifying underlying premises in critical thinking?
To evaluate the validity and soundness of an argument
What is a key strategy for identifying underlying premises?
Asking questions about the assumption
What type of underlying premise is explicitly stated in an argument?
Explicit premise
What is a potential problem with an underlying premise?
It can be flawed, biased, or based on incomplete information
What should you do when evaluating an underlying premise?
Check its validity and consider alternative perspectives
What is an example of a keyword that may indicate an underlying premise?
It is obvious that
What is the primary function of an underlying premise in an argument?
To link the evidence to the claim and support its validity
What is typically true about an underlying premise in an argument?
It is often hidden in the language or assumptions of the argument
What is a characteristic of a well-structured argument?
It has a clear claim, relevant evidence, and an underlying premise
What is the effect of a strong underlying premise on an argument?
It makes the argument more persuasive and convincing
What is a technique for identifying an underlying premise?
Looking for assumptions or implicit statements that support the claim
What question can help reveal an underlying premise in an argument?
What assumption is being made in this argument?
Study Notes
Underlying Premise in Critical Thinking
Definition
- An underlying premise is an assumption or belief that supports or justifies a claim, argument, or conclusion.
- It is often implicit, rather than explicitly stated.
Importance in Critical Thinking
- Identifying underlying premises is crucial in critical thinking because they can significantly influence the validity and soundness of an argument.
- Premises can be flawed, biased, or based on incomplete information, which can lead to flawed conclusions.
Types of Underlying Premises
- Implicit premises: Assumptions or beliefs that are not explicitly stated but are necessary to support an argument.
- Explicit premises: Stated assumptions or beliefs that are used to support an argument.
- Hidden premises: Premises that are not explicitly stated but are implicit in the language or tone used in an argument.
Identifying Underlying Premises
- Ask questions: What assumption is being made? What belief is underlying this argument?
- Look for keywords: Identify words or phrases that indicate an assumption, such as "it is obvious that," "everyone knows," or "it is clear that."
- Evaluate the language: Pay attention to tone, connotation, and emotional appeals that may indicate an underlying premise.
Evaluating Underlying Premises
- Check for validity: Is the premise true or well-supported?
- Consider alternative perspectives: Are there other possible explanations or assumptions?
- Evaluate the relevance: Is the premise relevant to the argument or conclusion?
Consequences of Ignoring Underlying Premises
- Flawed conclusions: Ignoring underlying premises can lead to flawed or unjustified conclusions.
- Bias and prejudice: Failing to identify underlying premises can perpetuate biases and prejudices.
- Lack of critical thinking: Ignoring underlying premises can hinder critical thinking and lead to uncritical acceptance of information.
Test your understanding of underlying premises, a crucial concept in critical thinking. Learn to identify, evaluate, and challenge assumptions that support arguments and conclusions.
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