Critical Thinking and Writing Styles
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between argumentative writing and persuasive writing?

  • Argumentative writing presents evidence without claims, while persuasive writing makes claims without evidence.
  • Argumentative writing uses emotional appeals, whereas persuasive writing does not.
  • Argumentative writing acknowledges counterclaims, while persuasive writing ignores them. (correct)
  • Argumentative writing aims to persuade the reader, while persuasive writing aims to inform.

    • In an argumentative essay, what is the role of evidence?

  • To provide emotional support for the argument.
  • To distract from weaker points in the argument.
  • To summarize the viewpoint of the opposition.
  • To validate claims and strengthen the argument. (correct)

    • Which of the following statements accurately describes a counterargument?

  • It is a claim that supports the main argument.
  • It is used to conclude the argumentative essay.
  • It is a technique to persuade the audience emotionally.
  • It presents an opposing point of view to the main argument. (correct)

    • According to the argument that promotes bicycle travel over car travel, what is one of the claims made?

    <p>Traveling by bicycle avoids traffic jams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rebuttal in the context of an argumentative essay?

    <p>It addresses and counters a counterargument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tone is typically associated with persuasive writing?

    <p>Emotionally charged and aggressive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the disadvantages mentioned regarding travel by bicycle?

    <p>It may increase travel time and decrease productivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect distinguishes the purpose of argumentative writing from persuasive writing?

    <p>Argumentative writing seeks to get the reader to recognize validity, while persuasive writing seeks agreement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the introduction in an argument essay?

    <p>To introduce the main topic and thesis statement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the purpose of the body paragraph in an argumentative essay?

    <p>It presents the facts and arguments supporting the thesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the refutation or counterargument play in an argumentative essay?

    <p>It acknowledges opposing views and reinforces the main position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the conclusion of an argument essay do?

    <p>Rephrase the thesis and highlight major points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following claims are considered legitimate arguments in an argumentative essay?

    <p>Assertions that can be backed with facts or reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might someone argue against commuting by bicycle?

    <p>It could increase commuting time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What comparison is made to show the financial advantage of biking over driving?

    <p>The upfront cost of a car is more than a bicycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of a bicycle mentioned in the argument?

    <p>The ability to navigate through traffic easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Critical Thinking

    • Critical thinking involves questioning and analyzing information.
    • Example questions include personal preferences like: "Would you rather be kind and stupid or rude and smart?" or "Would you rather be beautiful or intelligent?"

    Argumentative Essay

    • An argumentative essay presents a stance on an issue and provides evidence to support the claim.
    • Argumentative writing and persuasive writing are sometimes used interchangeably.

    Argumentative vs. Persuasive Writing

    • Argumentative Writing:
      • Focuses on identifying the topic and researching it.
      • The goal is to get the reader to recognize the validity of your side of the argument.
      • Tone is calmer.
      • Supports claims with evidence.
      • Acknowledges opposing viewpoints.
    • Persuasive Writing:
      • Focuses on identifying the topic and choosing a side.
      • The goal is to get the reader to agree with your opinion.
      • Tone is more emotionally charged and aggressive.
      • May ignore counterclaims.
      • May make claims without evidence.
    • Issue: The topic or subject being discussed.
    • Claim: The writer's position on the issue.
    • Argument: The reasoning and support given for the claim.
    • Evidence: The facts, data, or examples supporting the argument.
    • Counterargument: An opposing viewpoint to the writer's claim.
    • Rebuttal: The writer's response to the counterargument.
    • Pro: Supporting arguments.
    • Con: Opposing arguments.

    Example: Bicycle Commute

    • Issue: Should people be encouraged to travel by bicycle rather than by car?
    • Claim: People should be encouraged to travel by bicycle rather than by car.
    • Argument: Maintaining a bicycle is less expensive than a car.
    • Evidence:
      • Bike parts are cheaper than car parts.
      • Car repairs often require a mechanic, and labor costs are high.
      • Bikes are often repairable by the owner.
      • Cars require expensive yearly registration.
    • Counterargument: Riding a bicycle might increase travel time and decrease productivity.
    • Rebuttal: Traveling by bicycle avoids rush hour and traffic jams.
    • Conclusion: Encourage bicycle use for saving money and time, avoids traffic jams, and promotes a healthier lifestyle.

    Components of an Argumentative Essay

    • Introduction: Introductory paragraph at the beginning of the essay, often called the "gateway."
    • Body: Paragraphs presenting the facts and arguments.
    • Refutation/Counterargument: Arguments that disprove earlier arguments to support your main claim.
      • Conclusion: Rephrases the thesis statement and major points to summarize the main arguments.

    Example: Why Cycling?

    • It is better to use a bicycle for commuting instead of a car because it's cheaper, fuel-free, and promotes a healthy body.
    • It is a faster and more efficient method than driving a car, as it avoids traffic jams and delays.

    Important Note

    • Not all statements are claims. All claims are statements, but not all statements are claims. This is a key distinction for argumentative writing.

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    Argumentative Essay PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of critical thinking and the distinctions between argumentative and persuasive writing. It explores how to analyze information, form arguments, and understand different writing tones. Test your knowledge on the importance of questioning and the persuasive strategies in essay writing.

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