Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who wrote the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal?
Who wrote the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal?
What is a key aspect of critical thinking, according to Robert Ennis' definition?
What is a key aspect of critical thinking, according to Robert Ennis' definition?
What is the main focus of the study of logic?
What is the main focus of the study of logic?
What is Simon Gieve's emphasis in his conception of critical thinking?
What is Simon Gieve's emphasis in his conception of critical thinking?
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What is the primary purpose of reasoning?
What is the primary purpose of reasoning?
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What is the primary focus of logic, according to the text?
What is the primary focus of logic, according to the text?
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What does logic as a discipline aim to accomplish?
What does logic as a discipline aim to accomplish?
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What should we do when listening to someone speak?
What should we do when listening to someone speak?
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What is meant by 'reasonable' in Robert Ennis' definition of critical thinking?
What is meant by 'reasonable' in Robert Ennis' definition of critical thinking?
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What is an argument in the context of logic?
What is an argument in the context of logic?
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What is implied by 'reflective' in Robert Ennis' definition of critical thinking?
What is implied by 'reflective' in Robert Ennis' definition of critical thinking?
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What is the primary criterion for evaluating an argument in logic?
What is the primary criterion for evaluating an argument in logic?
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What is the ultimate goal of critical thinking, according to the text?
What is the ultimate goal of critical thinking, according to the text?
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What is the purpose of studying logic?
What is the purpose of studying logic?
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What is the primary purpose of logic, according to the text?
What is the primary purpose of logic, according to the text?
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What is a key aspect of logic as sound reasoning?
What is a key aspect of logic as sound reasoning?
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What is the primary goal of studying logic?
What is the primary goal of studying logic?
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What is a key advantage of learning logic?
What is a key advantage of learning logic?
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What is the main purpose of the assignment?
What is the main purpose of the assignment?
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What is the title of the book written by Russell in 1948?
What is the title of the book written by Russell in 1948?
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Who is the author of the book 'Critical Thinking: The Basics'?
Who is the author of the book 'Critical Thinking: The Basics'?
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What does the study of logic not do?
What does the study of logic not do?
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What is a benefit of studying logic?
What is a benefit of studying logic?
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What is the title of the book written by Bassham et al. in 2021?
What is the title of the book written by Bassham et al. in 2021?
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What is the primary goal of a college education?
What is the primary goal of a college education?
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What kind of thinking is emphasized in many high schools?
What kind of thinking is emphasized in many high schools?
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What is critical thinking about?
What is critical thinking about?
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What is the significance of technology in today's world?
What is the significance of technology in today's world?
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What is the difference between the way students are taught in high school and college?
What is the difference between the way students are taught in high school and college?
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What is a consequence of the proliferation of ill-informed views?
What is a consequence of the proliferation of ill-informed views?
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What is a common misconception about college education?
What is a common misconception about college education?
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According to Thomas Jefferson, what is essential in a republican nation?
According to Thomas Jefferson, what is essential in a republican nation?
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What is the significance of teaching students how to think?
What is the significance of teaching students how to think?
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What is a common misconception about the meaning of 'critical'?
What is a common misconception about the meaning of 'critical'?
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What is a characteristic of a college education?
What is a characteristic of a college education?
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What is critical thinking, in essence?
What is critical thinking, in essence?
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What is critical thinking governed by?
What is critical thinking governed by?
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Who is widely regarded as the 'father' of the modern critical thinking tradition?
Who is widely regarded as the 'father' of the modern critical thinking tradition?
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What is the 'active' process of critical thinking contrasted with?
What is the 'active' process of critical thinking contrasted with?
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What is the definition of 'reflective thinking' according to John Dewey?
What is the definition of 'reflective thinking' according to John Dewey?
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Study Notes
Critical Thinking and Logic
- Critical thinking is a crucial aspect of college or university education, focusing on fostering "higher-order thinking" skills, such as active, intelligent evaluation of ideas and information.
- The primary goal of a college education is to teach students how to think, rather than what to think, making them independent, self-directed thinkers and learners.
- Critical thinking enables individuals to navigate the complexities of the modern world, where information and misinformation are readily available.
The Concept of Critical Thinking
- Critical thinking involves skilled judgment or observation, thinking clearly and intelligently, and identifying, analyzing, and evaluating arguments and truth claims.
- It is a disciplined thinking process governed by high intellectual standards.
- Critical thinking is not the same as negative and fault-finding, but rather involves clear and intelligent thinking.
Explanations of Critical Thinking
- John Dewey, the American philosopher, psychologist, and educator, defined critical thinking as "active, persistent, and careful consideration of a belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds which support it and the further conclusions to which it tends."
- Dewey's definition emphasizes the importance of active, rather than passive, thinking.
- Robert Ennis, another prominent contributor to the development of critical thinking, defined it as "reasonable, reflective thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe or do."
- Simon Gieve's definition highlights the need for critical thinkers to examine the reasons for their actions, beliefs, and knowledge claims, requiring them to defend themselves and question others.
The Concept of Logic
- Logic is the analysis and appraisal of arguments, and can be briefly defined as the study of reasoning.
- Reasoning is a special kind of thinking, involving an attempt to pass on certain items of information (reasons) to others for which they are evidence.
- Logic can be looked at from two approaches: logic as sound reasoning and logic as a discipline.
Logic as Sound Reasoning and Logic as a Discipline
- Logic as sound reasoning involves a reasonable manner of speaking or writing, based on good judgment.
- Logic as a discipline is the study of the methods and principles used to distinguish correct reasoning from incorrect reasoning.
- The purpose of studying logic is to acquire the principles and methods to judge or test arguments, distinguishing good arguments from bad ones.
Importance of Logic
- Logic enables individuals to evaluate what others say or write, determining whether their arguments are good or bad.
- It helps to distinguish between argumentative discourse and non-argumentative discourse.
- Learning logic affords individuals the skill to communicate logically, evaluate arguments, and distinguish between good and bad arguments.
Assignment
- The assignment requires explaining the views of various critical thinkers, including Adrienne Rich, Albert Einstein, Anais Nin, Anatole France, and Aristotle, using the Glossary on Critical Thinking.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of critical thinking and logic, including classical and contemporary explanations of critical thinking and an introduction to logic. Test your understanding of these essential concepts.
