36 Questions
According to the empowerment approach, psychological and social problems come from personal failures.
False
The empowerment approach focuses on individual action to address social problems.
False
In the empowerment approach, professionals are seen as the true experts.
False
According to Julian Rappaport, empowerment is about gaining control over one's life.
True
The empowerment approach focuses on individual-level solutions to social problems.
False
The empowerment approach challenges the deficits model.
True
In the empowerment approach, the goal is to create dependency on professionals.
False
The empowerment approach is primarily focused on individual psychological well-being.
False
The empowerment approach in community psychology focuses on individual limitations.
False
Mary Wollstonecraft's 'Vindication of the Rights of Woman' is a foundational text for feminist thought.
True
Feminist approaches in community psychology prioritize helping over empowering.
False
Liberal feminism focuses on social justice and transformation.
False
There are four types of feminisms: liberal, radical, socialist, and womanist.
False
Digital feminism focuses on the power of representation in technology.
True
Post-structuralist approaches focus on individual psychology and social structures.
False
Psychopolitical validity demands that research reflects the lived experiences of people within systems of power at the individual level only.
False
Feminist critical social theory traditions emphasize the importance of positionality and power dynamics.
True
Liberatory approaches target social structures and individual psychology.
True
The decolonial turn is a new direction in critical psychology.
True
Empowerment is only an outcome in critical psychology.
False
Post-structuralist approaches focus on social transformation.
True
Isaac Prilleltensky and Dennis Fox developed the concept of psychopolitical validity.
True
Womanist theory focuses on the intersection of gender and society.
True
Radical theory is concerned with the intersection of race and class.
False
Digital access is a key aspect of Socialist theory.
False
Power is seen as held by women in Womanist theory.
False
Radical theory is concerned with the experiences of Black women.
False
Socialist theory is defined as focusing on the intersection of gender and class.
True
Feminist approaches focus on the liberation of men.
False
According to Ignacio Martin-Baró, the task of psychology is to promote ideological thinking.
False
Liberatory approaches aim to maintain the status quo of power relations.
False
Post-structuralist approaches argue that language mirrors reality.
False
Discourse is a system of ideas that is independent of power structures.
False
Critical masculinities is a key concept in feminist approaches.
True
Positionality is a concept that refers to the role of capitalism in shaping social relations.
False
Reflexive praxis is a key concept in liberatory approaches that involves critical self-reflection.
True
Study Notes
Critical Social Theory Traditions
- Five main traditions: Empowerment, Feminism, Liberation, Post-structuralism, and Psychopolitical Validity
- Each tradition explores power dynamics, social justice, and individual/collective well-being
Power
- Power is exercised through both internal (individual psychology) and external (social opportunities) factors
- Enacted through institutions, discourses, identities, and histories
- Central concept in Community Psychology (CP)
Empowerment Approaches
- Defined by Julian Rappaport as "gaining mastery over one's affairs" (1987)
- Focus on social action, collective action, and equalizing opportunities
- Shift from social action to empowerment, with people as experts and challenging deficit models
- Building control and mastery through multi-level processes and collaboration
Feminist Approaches
- Founded by Mary Wollstonecraft's "Vindication of the Rights of Woman" (1792)
- Centering gender and power, with social justice and transformation as the goal
- Types of feminisms: Liberal, Radical, Socialist, Womanist, and Digital
- Waves of feminisms: focusing on power and social change
Liberation Approaches
- Founded by Ignacio Martin-Baró (1942-1989)
- Task of psychology is to de-ideologize the common consciousness
- Intertwined oppression, structural analysis, and internalized oppression
- Transformational goal: promoting critical consciousness and social justice
Post-structuralist Approaches
- Founded by Michel Foucault, Jacques Lacan, Roland Barthes, Julia Kristeva, and others
- Language constructs reality, with no universal truth
- Discourse and power: connected to power, with dominant discourses controlled by those with power
- Who is heard? Who is marginalized?
Psychopolitical Validity
- Founded by Isaac Prilleltensky and Dennis Fox
- Judging research and practice by their contribution to wellbeing and justice
- Beyond traditional validity, considering individual, relational, and collective levels of analysis
Key Contributions to CP
- Empowerment: multiple levels of empowerment, considering individual, community, and societal levels
- Feminist: power dynamics, importance of positionality, and social justice
- Liberation: oppression, internalized and external, and social justice
- Post-structuralist: constructed knowledge, power operating through discourse
- Psychopolitical Validity: political context, and individual/collective wellbeing
New Directions
- The decolonial turn: exploring new directions in Critical Social Theory Traditions
This quiz covers the key concepts and traditions of critical social theory, including empowerment, feminism, liberation, and post-structuralism. It explores the role of power in social interactions and community interventions.
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