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Questions and Answers
Which action demonstrates the least engagement with critical reading when encountering a persuasive article?
Which action demonstrates the least engagement with critical reading when encountering a persuasive article?
A news article claims that a new study proves that drinking coffee significantly increases life expectancy. What evaluative question would BEST exemplify a critical reading approach?
A news article claims that a new study proves that drinking coffee significantly increases life expectancy. What evaluative question would BEST exemplify a critical reading approach?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the application of critical reading skills?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the application of critical reading skills?
An advertisement claims a new weight loss supplement is 'scientifically proven' to help people lose weight quickly. What is the most important question to ask when critically evaluating this claim?
An advertisement claims a new weight loss supplement is 'scientifically proven' to help people lose weight quickly. What is the most important question to ask when critically evaluating this claim?
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What is the primary difference between simply reading a text and critically reading a text?
What is the primary difference between simply reading a text and critically reading a text?
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A student is reading a complex research paper. Which strategy would be MOST effective for quickly grasping the main argument?
A student is reading a complex research paper. Which strategy would be MOST effective for quickly grasping the main argument?
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When facing unfamiliar vocabulary, which strategy would be MOST helpful in deciphering their meaning while reading?
When facing unfamiliar vocabulary, which strategy would be MOST helpful in deciphering their meaning while reading?
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A student needs to find one specific date within a lengthy document. Which reading strategy is MOST appropriate?
A student needs to find one specific date within a lengthy document. Which reading strategy is MOST appropriate?
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Which reading strategy is MOST useful for students who want to connect their existing knowledge about a subject to a new text?
Which reading strategy is MOST useful for students who want to connect their existing knowledge about a subject to a new text?
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A student is overwhelmed by the amount of information in a chapter. Which strategy would be MOST effective for remembering the essential information?
A student is overwhelmed by the amount of information in a chapter. Which strategy would be MOST effective for remembering the essential information?
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Which of the following best describes the flaw in reasoning for the following statement: "I met two rude people from New York, therefore all people from New York must be rude."
Which of the following best describes the flaw in reasoning for the following statement: "I met two rude people from New York, therefore all people from New York must be rude."
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A commercial states, "Everyone is buying this new phone, so you should too!" What type of logical fallacy is being used?
A commercial states, "Everyone is buying this new phone, so you should too!" What type of logical fallacy is being used?
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Which scenario exemplifies a hasty generalization?
Which scenario exemplifies a hasty generalization?
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Which fallacy is exemplified by the statement: 'Eating pizza is generally good, therefore everyone should eat pizza daily'?
Which fallacy is exemplified by the statement: 'Eating pizza is generally good, therefore everyone should eat pizza daily'?
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Identifying a cause-and-effect relationship simply because one event preceded another commits which fallacy?
Identifying a cause-and-effect relationship simply because one event preceded another commits which fallacy?
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A lawyer argues, 'My client shouldn't be convicted; he's had a tough life and lost both his parents,' which fallacy is used?
A lawyer argues, 'My client shouldn't be convicted; he's had a tough life and lost both his parents,' which fallacy is used?
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What fallacy occurs when someone says, 'Don't listen to his opinion on climate change; he's funded by oil companies'?
What fallacy occurs when someone says, 'Don't listen to his opinion on climate change; he's funded by oil companies'?
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The statement: 'Everyone is buying this new phone, so it must be good' commits which fallacy?
The statement: 'Everyone is buying this new phone, so it must be good' commits which fallacy?
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Which type of assertion relies on historical precedent, laws, and customs for verification?
Which type of assertion relies on historical precedent, laws, and customs for verification?
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Which fallacy is evident in the statement: 'I wore my lucky socks, and we won the game. My lucky socks make us win'?
Which fallacy is evident in the statement: 'I wore my lucky socks, and we won the game. My lucky socks make us win'?
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What kind of fallacy is it to say, 'Their arguments must be flawed because they come from a school with low test scores'?
What kind of fallacy is it to say, 'Their arguments must be flawed because they come from a school with low test scores'?
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Which of the following is the most reliable type of evidence to support a claim in expository writing?
Which of the following is the most reliable type of evidence to support a claim in expository writing?
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What is the primary function of a counterclaim in an argumentative text?
What is the primary function of a counterclaim in an argumentative text?
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Arguing, 'Please give me a good grade; I've been having a really difficult semester' uses which type of fallacy?
Arguing, 'Please give me a good grade; I've been having a really difficult semester' uses which type of fallacy?
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Which of the following best describes a 'hedge' in the context of argumentation?
Which of the following best describes a 'hedge' in the context of argumentation?
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Which type of assertion is subjective and based on personal choice?
Which type of assertion is subjective and based on personal choice?
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A researcher states: "Based on a survey of 500 participants, 85% reported feeling more productive when working from home." What type of textual evidence is this?
A researcher states: "Based on a survey of 500 participants, 85% reported feeling more productive when working from home." What type of textual evidence is this?
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Which of the following assertions is an example of a 'fact'?
Which of the following assertions is an example of a 'fact'?
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An art critic claims, "The artist's unique brushstrokes evoke a sense of profound sorrow, inviting viewers to contemplate the ephemeral nature of life." What type of textual evidence does this exemplify?
An art critic claims, "The artist's unique brushstrokes evoke a sense of profound sorrow, inviting viewers to contemplate the ephemeral nature of life." What type of textual evidence does this exemplify?
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Which characteristic is NOT essential for a well-constructed claim?
Which characteristic is NOT essential for a well-constructed claim?
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What is the key difference between an explicit and an implicit claim?
What is the key difference between an explicit and an implicit claim?
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Which of the following best exemplifies a claim of value?
Which of the following best exemplifies a claim of value?
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Identify the claim of policy from the options provided.
Identify the claim of policy from the options provided.
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Which statement best describes the role of context in understanding a text?
Which statement best describes the role of context in understanding a text?
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How does intertextuality contribute to the analysis of a text?
How does intertextuality contribute to the analysis of a text?
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What distinguishes hypertext from traditional linear text?
What distinguishes hypertext from traditional linear text?
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Which of the following is NOT a typical component of hypertext?
Which of the following is NOT a typical component of hypertext?
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Flashcards
Claim of fact
Claim of fact
A statement that can be proven true or false.
Claim of policy
Claim of policy
An assertion suggesting a course of action.
Claim of value
Claim of value
A judgement about something's worth, goodness, or importance.
Critical reading
Critical reading
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Textual evidence
Textual evidence
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Context Clues
Context Clues
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Skimming
Skimming
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Scanning
Scanning
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Graphic Organizers
Graphic Organizers
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KWL Chart
KWL Chart
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SQ3R Method
SQ3R Method
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Hasty Generalization
Hasty Generalization
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Main Idea
Main Idea
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Dicto simpliciter
Dicto simpliciter
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Post hoc
Post hoc
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Appeal to pity
Appeal to pity
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Poisoning the well
Poisoning the well
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Bandwagon
Bandwagon
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Ad hominem
Ad hominem
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False dilemma
False dilemma
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Assertion
Assertion
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Fact
Fact
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Convention
Convention
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Opinion
Opinion
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Preference
Preference
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Counterclaim
Counterclaim
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Objective Evidence
Objective Evidence
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Subjective Evidence
Subjective Evidence
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Claim
Claim
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Explicit Claim
Explicit Claim
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Implicit Claim
Implicit Claim
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Context
Context
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Intertextuality
Intertextuality
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Study Notes
Reading and Writing Skills - Evaluating Written Texts
- This unit focuses on evaluating written texts.
- Students will identify claims (fact, policy, value) explicitly or implicitly made in texts.
- Students will identify the context (hypertext, intertext) of a text's development.
- Critical reading involves reasoning, evaluating claims, and questioning assumptions.
- Students will formulate evaluative statements about texts. This includes assertions about text properties and counterclaims.
- Students will determine textual evidence to support assertions and counterclaims.
Performance Assessment
- Students will write a 1000-word critique of a selected text.
- This critique will analyze claims, context, and properties of the chosen writing.
What would you do? Why? - (Example)
- A scenario about receiving a lottery message from an unknown number accompanied by a request for personal details and credit card information is presented.
- Students are to consider their response and rationale for or against completing this request.
What is Critical Reading
- Critical reading extends beyond simply understanding a text.
- It involves evaluating claims, seeking definitions, judging information, demanding proof, and questioning assumptions.
- It requires active engagement with the text, and a careful consideration of the author's message.
Reading Strategies
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Understanding unfamiliar words: Use context clues to determine the meaning of unknown words, using familiar words around or within the sentences for clarification.
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Finding the main idea: Skimming helps to identify the most repeated words, phrases, and overall message by observing the major topics and general idea in a text.
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Finding specific details: Scanning helps quickly find needed information by visually sweeping through the text to locate the specific information desired.
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Organizing ideas: Using graphic organizers such as KWL (Know, Want to Know, Learned) or other visuals for easier comprehension and summarization of the topic. Using graphic organizers, like KWL helps connect texts to what the student already knows.
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Reading a long text: Using graphic organizers help the student see how ideas are connected in a longer text. Using graphic organizers, like KWL helps connect texts to what the student already knows, and what they want to know, by outlining what was learned.
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Remembering essential text information: Using SQ3R (survey, question, read, recite, review) is a technique to improve comprehension and memorization by using a five-step process to help identify the key points in the text.
Fallacies/Logical Fallacies
- Fallacies are flaws in reasoning.
- Examples of fallacies like hasty generalization, dicto simpliciter, post hoc, appeal to pity, poisoning the well, bandwagon, are provided.
- The provided examples include explanations of each fallacy.
Practice (Examples of potential fallacies)
- Several scenarios are given to demonstrate the application of concepts like logical fallacies, which are reasoning flaws.
- Examples presented involve identifying fallacies in text.
Quiz (Examples of identifying fallacies)
- Students are required to identify fallacies in a set of questions.
- This highlights the ability to recognize flawed reasoning and illogical statements.
Identifying and Analyzing Claims
- Claims are synonymous with assertions, arguments, and beliefs.
- Claims are argumentative, debatable, specific, focused, interesting, and logical.
- Explicit claims are clearly stated, implicit claims are implied, requiring inferences and clues for comprehension.
Distinguishing Between the Types of Claim
- Claims of Fact: Asserted as true/false, measurable, and verifiable.
- Claims of Value: Claims made about moral, philosophical, or aesthetic issues, with potential for qualification and judgment.
- Claims of Policy: State that specific actions should be taken, with solutions to problems.
Practice (Example claims)
- Examples of claims of fact, value, and policy are listed.
Identifying the Context of Text Development
- Context is crucial for understanding a text's meaning and interpretation, beyond the literal word context. This includes surrounding social, cultural, and other relevant influences.
- The surrounding circumstances (social, cultural, political, historical) of text production affect comprehension.
- Context allows better understanding and evaluation of text.
Technique in Analyzing the Context
- Intertextuality: The connection and influence of a text by other texts, especially shared qualities in text, like discourse or genre.
- Hypertext: A non-linear method of conveying text and information that includes links to other concepts.
Identifying Assertions
- Assertions are declarative sentences claiming something to be true.
- They are the primary tools for readers to agree with statements presented.
- Assertions can be judged as true or false.
Types of Assertions
- Fact: Objectively verifiable statements based on evidence, like research, direct observations, etc.
- Convention: Statements grounded in traditions, rules, or customs which are contextually dependent.
- Opinion: Statements based on facts but hard to verify because of proof uncertainties; can include subjective elements.
- Preference: Statements based on subjective personal choice.
Formulating Counterclaims
- A counterclaim refutes a previous claim in an argument.
- Counterclaims provide a contrasting viewpoint.
Determining Textual Evidence
- Textual evidence includes quoted information from a text for supporting statements in a critique.
- Objective evidence: Verifiable data (facts, figures, stats).
- Subjective evidence: Immeasurable ideas, supporting interpretations and judgments.
Evidence
- Evidence can include facts, statistics, expert opinions, and relevant personal anecdotes.
Writing a Critique - What is it?
- A critique is a response to a piece of work (performance, concept, article, etc.).
- It can offer an alternative opinion or analysis of the given work.
Parts of a Critique
- Description: Work's purpose, creator and intention are explored.
- Analysis: The structure, function, and content are examined.
- Interpretation: Significance and meaning are analyzed and explained.
- Assessment: Worth or quality of the work is evaluated.
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Description
Test your understanding of critical reading. Questions cover evaluating arguments, identifying biases, understanding vocabulary, and applying critical thinking to texts. Improve your ability to analyze and interpret information effectively.
