Critical Reading and Note-Taking Quiz
45 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between quantitative and qualitative research approaches?

  • Quantitative approaches focus on numerical data, while qualitative approaches focus on textual data.
  • Quantitative approaches are used in psychology, while qualitative approaches are used in sociology.
  • Quantitative approaches involve experiments, while qualitative approaches involve surveys.
  • Quantitative approaches use statistical tests to analyze data, while qualitative approaches do not. (correct)

    • What is the first step in the quantitative research process?

  • Define a research question (correct)
  • Interpret the outcome of statistical tests
  • Apply statistical tests
  • Collect numerical data

    • Which statistical tests are mentioned as part of the quantitative research process?

  • Chi-square test, factor analysis, content analysis
  • Correlations, regressions, t-tests, ANOVA (correct)
  • Observational study, case-control study, cohort study
  • Descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, grounded theory

    • What do we obtain from statistical tests that allow us to make decisions about the research question?

    <p>Effect size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is involved in quantitative research?

    <p>Numerical data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of behavior and psychological functioning is explored using research in psychology?

    <p>Cognitive processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying statistical tests in quantitative research?

    <p>To describe patterns and relationships in the data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In quantitative research, what do we use to test hypotheses, models, and other types of predictions?

    <p>Statistical tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of statistics in decision-making in research?

    <p>To make decisions about the research question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of study involves collecting and analyzing numerical data?

    <p>Experimental study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of quantitative research methods?

    <p>Describing patterns and relationships in numerical data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of analysis is not part of the statistical tests mentioned in the text?

    <p>Thematic analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a p-value represent?

    <p>A probability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Null-Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST), what does a p-value less than α indicate?

    <p>The test is statistically significant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the null hypothesis in NHST?

    <p>To state that there is no effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the sampling error refer to?

    <p>The difference between observed sample statistic and actual population parameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the mean of the sampling distribution estimate?

    <p>The true population parameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the sampling distribution as the sample size increases?

    <p>It becomes closer to normal in shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an effect size measure like Cohen’s d?

    <p>To quantify the magnitude of observed differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an α-value represent in statistical testing?

    <p>The significance level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the p-value and the α-value in statistical testing?

    <p>Comparison of p-value to α-value determines statistical significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the population parameter refer to?

    <p>Characteristics of the entire population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the mean of the sampling distribution?

    <p>It estimates the population parameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the effect size measure r2 indicate?

    <p>The proportion of variance explained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of an event occurring if p = 0.75?

    <p>75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In NHST, if the p-value is less than the α-value, what conclusion can be drawn?

    <p>The null hypothesis is rejected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the p-value represent in relation to statistical tests?

    <p>Probability of observing a correlation as strong as found in the sample if the true population correlation was zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the mean of the sampling distribution provide a good estimate of?

    <p>Population parameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the null hypothesis in NHST?

    <p>To state there is no effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an effect size measure like Cohen’s d tell us about?

    <p>Magnitude of observed differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the sampling error refer to?

    <p>Difference between observed sample statistic and the actual population parameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the sample size and the sampling distribution?

    <p>As sample size increases, the sampling distribution becomes closer to normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the p-value represent if it equals 1?

    <p>100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interpretive framework in which the majority of statistical analysis occurs in quantitative psychological research?

    <p>Null-Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the population parameter refer to?

    <p>True characteristic of the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the larger sample size lead to in terms of sampling error?

    <p>Decreases the degree of sampling error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between quantitative and qualitative research approaches?

    <p>Quantitative research uses statistical tests to analyze numerical data, while qualitative research focuses on non-numeric data and in-depth understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'effect size' refer to in statistical analysis?

    <p>Effect size measures the strength of the relationship between variables, independent of sample size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the null hypothesis in Null-Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST)?

    <p>The null hypothesis serves as a baseline assumption to be tested against the alternative hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'sampling error' refer to in quantitative research?

    <p>Sampling error reflects the discrepancy between a sample statistic and the population parameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is involved in quantitative research?

    <p>Quantitative research involves numerical data that can be quantified and statistically analyzed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a p-value less than the α-value indicate in statistical testing?

    <p>A p-value less than the α-value suggests that the null hypothesis should be rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interpretive framework in which the majority of statistical analysis occurs in quantitative psychological research?

    <p>The interpretive framework in quantitative psychological research is based on probability theory and inferential statistics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the mean of the sampling distribution provide a good estimate of in statistical analysis?

    <p>The mean of the sampling distribution provides a good estimate of the population parameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the sampling distribution as the sample size increases in quantitative research?

    <p>As the sample size increases, the sampling distribution becomes narrower and more closely approximates the population distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser