Critical Care Quiz: SCVO2, Lactate, and Surgical Protocols
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with saving lives with the phrase 'wash your hands'?

  • Sir Alexander Fleming
  • Ignaz Semmelweis (correct)
  • Robert Koch
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Which scientist was a pioneer in using carbolic acid as a disinfectant during surgery?

  • Robert Koch
  • Joseph Lister (correct)
  • Ignaz Semmelweis
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Which theory proposes that certain diseases are caused by specific germs or infectious agents?

  • Cell Theory
  • Spontaneous Generation Theory
  • Miasma Theory
  • Germ Theory of Disease (correct)
  • Who discovered microbial fermentation while studying the causes of spoilage in beer and wine?

    <p>Louis Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core temperature indicative of hypothermia?

    <p>38.3°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Louis Pasteur disprove with his swan-neck flask experiment?

    <p>Spontaneous Generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common pathogen in surgical patients that is Gram-negative?

    <p>Citrobacter freundii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What core temperature indicates hyperthermia in a patient?

    <p>38.3°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly found in surgical patients?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the indications of significant edema or positive fluid balance in a patient?

    <p>&gt;20mL/kg over 24h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of flora is typically found below the umbilicus?

    <p>Enterococcus faecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor listed in the text can alter the resident microflora of certain body tracts?

    <p>Disease like inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Propionibacterium in the pathogenesis of infections?

    <p>Has a protective function against infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of infection typically requires surgical treatment according to the text?

    <p>Infection from foreign bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the urogenital, biliary, pancreatic ductal, and distal respiratory tracts different from other body tracts according to the text?

    <p>They lack resident microflora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes one of the Koch's postulates?

    <p>The organism must always be present in every case of the disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infectious agents is considered an aggressive soft tissue infection in immunocompromised patients?

    <p>Aspergillus fumigatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual pioneered principles of antiseptic surgery to reduce wound infections?

    <p>Joseph Lister</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic method is recommended for detecting branching and septation in certain infectious agents?

    <p>KOH testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical barrier plays a role in preventing infections by secreting lactic acid and propionic acid?

    <p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is carried out by the respiratory tract to defend against infections?

    <p>Coughing and sneezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pathogen associated with a polymicrobial infection?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which preventive measure is recommended for patients prior to surgery to reduce the risk of infection?

    <p>Bathing or showering with antimicrobial soap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microbial agent is involved in the prevention of infections through actions like producing lactic acid?

    <p>Normal flora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which infectious agent is commonly associated with nosocomial infections in healthcare settings?

    <p>E.faecalis and faecium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects the germ theory of disease?

    <p>The organism must always be present in every case of the disease, but not in healthy individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the SOFA score, what does a score of less than 2 points indicate?

    <p>Normal organ function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is prophylaxis done in cases of high risk of surgical infection?

    <p>To prevent formation of new infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which classification would a clean wound typically fall under?

    <p>Class I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about antibiotic therapy for severe sepsis/septic shock is true?

    <p>Antibiotic therapy should be initiated within the first hour of recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the qSOFA score in the context of sepsis?

    <p>To predict sepsis-related mortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of new sepsis definitions, what does SIRS stand for?

    <p>Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of prophylactic use of antibiotics in surgical patients?

    <p>Selectively targeting specific bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common type of infection discussed in the context of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections?

    <p>Surgical site infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to agents that can cause skin and soft tissue infections?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of antifungal agents used in treating infections?

    <p>Selective targeting of fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is typically assessed to determine the severity of surgical infections?

    <p>White blood cell count</p> Signup and view all the answers

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