Critical Care Final Exam Blueprint
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential cause of stress-induced hyperglycemia in critical care patients?

  • Excessive insulin administration
  • Inadequate hydration
  • Low carbohydrate intake
  • Mismanagement of sick days (correct)

In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what is the renal threshold for glucose?

  • 150 mg/dL
  • 300 mg/dL
  • 200 mg/dL (correct)
  • 250 mg/dL

What is a key difference in the presentation of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) compared to DKA?

  • Higher serum osmolality in HHS (correct)
  • Fruity breath in HHS
  • Metabolic acidosis in HHS
  • Presence of ketonuria in HHS

What is the recommended blood sugar range to be maintained during treatment of DKA and HHS?

<p>Between 150-200 mg/dL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial fluid therapy recommended for restoring volume in DKA and HHS?

<p>0.9% saline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line fluid therapy to restore volume in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

<p>0.9% saline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended blood sugar range to be maintained during the treatment of DKA and HHS?

<p>Between 150-200 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can cause stress-induced hyperglycemia in critical care patients?

<p>Glucocorticoids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the first signs indicating the onset of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

<p>Mental status change, abdominal pain, N&amp;V (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference in the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

<p>DKA involves insulin deficiency causing ketosis, while HHS is characterized by very high blood sugar levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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