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Critical Care Final Exam Blueprint

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Questions and Answers

What is a potential cause of stress-induced hyperglycemia in critical care patients?

Excessive insulin administration

Inadequate hydration

Low carbohydrate intake

Mismanagement of sick days (correct)

In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what is the renal threshold for glucose?

150 mg/dL

300 mg/dL

200 mg/dL (correct)

250 mg/dL

What is a key difference in the presentation of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) compared to DKA?

Higher serum osmolality in HHS (correct)

Fruity breath in HHS

Metabolic acidosis in HHS

Presence of ketonuria in HHS

What is the recommended blood sugar range to be maintained during treatment of DKA and HHS?

Between 150-200 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial fluid therapy recommended for restoring volume in DKA and HHS?

0.9% saline Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line fluid therapy to restore volume in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

0.9% saline Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended blood sugar range to be maintained during the treatment of DKA and HHS?

Between 150-200 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can cause stress-induced hyperglycemia in critical care patients?

Glucocorticoids Signup and view all the answers

What are the first signs indicating the onset of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

Mental status change, abdominal pain, N&V Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference in the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

DKA involves insulin deficiency causing ketosis, while HHS is characterized by very high blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers