Criteria for Total Ammonia Toxicity and Control Strategies

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What is the pH range for which criteria have been established for total ammonia by the EPA?

5.0 to 8.0

7.5 to 10.0

4.0 to 7.0

6.5 to 9.0 (correct)

Which form of ammonia is considered less toxic than NH3?

Nitrates (NO3 -)

Ammonium (NH4 +) (correct)

Ammonia gas (NH3)

Nitrogen (N)

What is the water temperature range for which criteria have been established for total ammonia by the EPA?

-5 to 5 °C

20 to 40 °C

-10 to 15 °C

0 to 30 °C (correct)

Which substances are considered hazardous due to their toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and effects like carcinogenicity?

Phosphorus compounds Signup and view all the answers

In accordance with the precautionary principle, what type of substances are many countries taking into account when developing water quality criteria?

Genetically modified organisms Signup and view all the answers

What region of the United Nations is mentioned to be increasing attention to developing water quality criteria for hazardous substances?

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) region Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason behind using a 3-day BOD in the tropics instead of a 5-day BOD?

Faster results are needed due to warmer temperatures in the tropics Signup and view all the answers

Which activity does NOT rely on water quality for safe use?

Protection of Aquatic Life Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criteria mentioned for suitable water quality for livestock watering?

Avoiding heavy growth of blue-green algae Signup and view all the answers

Based on the Canadian and Nigerian criteria, which variable has different values set for water quality?

Blue-green algae Signup and view all the answers

What action is recommended if necessary to ensure water quality for livestock watering?

Chlorinate the water Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized to prevent contamination of water supply sources for livestock watering?

Manure management Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended BOD level for salmonid waters according to the European Union Council Directive?

4 mg O2 l-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the interim water quality criterion for BOD in Nigeria for the protection of aquatic life?

3 mg O2 l-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the BOD criterion for irrigation water in Nigeria?

2 mg O2 l-1 Signup and view all the answers

What concentration of BOD should not be exceeded in Class A waters for the River Ganga in India?

2 mg O2 l-1 Signup and view all the answers

What are the water quality criteria set for phosphorus compounds to prevent excessive growth of algae?

< 3 mg O2 l-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended BOD level for cyprinid waters according to the European Union Council Directive?