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Questions and Answers
What might occur if a strong odor is detected during the recovery process?
What might occur if a strong odor is detected during the recovery process?
- The refrigerant is evaporating
- The system is working properly
- There is a leak in the system
- A compressor burn-out may have occurred (correct)
When installing more than one pressure relief valve, they must be installed in series.
When installing more than one pressure relief valve, they must be installed in series.
False (B)
Approximately how much vapor refrigerant remains in the system after all liquid has been removed from an average 350 ton?
Approximately how much vapor refrigerant remains in the system after all liquid has been removed from an average 350 ton?
100 lbs
Where is the purge unit located in a low-pressure system?
Where is the purge unit located in a low-pressure system?
Where do air and other noncondensables collect in a chiller?
Where do air and other noncondensables collect in a chiller?
At what pressure will a rupture disk for a low-pressure chiller rupture?
At what pressure will a rupture disk for a low-pressure chiller rupture?
Purchases of recycling and recovery equipment used for stationary refrigeration must be reported to the EPA.
Purchases of recycling and recovery equipment used for stationary refrigeration must be reported to the EPA.
What should be done after reaching the required recovery vacuum on an appliance?
What should be done after reaching the required recovery vacuum on an appliance?
What area of a refrigeration system does oil foaming usually occur?
What area of a refrigeration system does oil foaming usually occur?
When is it against EPA regulations to use system-dependant recovery equipment?
When is it against EPA regulations to use system-dependant recovery equipment?
What is the best use for testing with soap bubbles?
What is the best use for testing with soap bubbles?
What procedure should be followed when changing out a compressor of a system containing 40 pounds of R-404A?
What procedure should be followed when changing out a compressor of a system containing 40 pounds of R-404A?
How long must an HVAC service company keep records for each disposed appliance with a charge between 5 and 50 pounds?
How long must an HVAC service company keep records for each disposed appliance with a charge between 5 and 50 pounds?
When recovery is first started, at what phase is the refrigerant removed to save recovery time?
When recovery is first started, at what phase is the refrigerant removed to save recovery time?
What must be included on the leak inspection records submitted to the EPA when an appliance containing 50 pounds or more of a regulated refrigerant leaks at an annual rate of 125% or more?
What must be included on the leak inspection records submitted to the EPA when an appliance containing 50 pounds or more of a regulated refrigerant leaks at an annual rate of 125% or more?
What action must an owner of a commercial refrigeration appliance with a charge of 2000 pounds of R-22 take once a leak rate threshold has been exceeded?
What action must an owner of a commercial refrigeration appliance with a charge of 2000 pounds of R-22 take once a leak rate threshold has been exceeded?
When can appliances containing refrigerants be recovered to atmospheric pressure?
When can appliances containing refrigerants be recovered to atmospheric pressure?
Why could a recycling or recovery machine that uses a hermetic compressor overheat when drawing deep vacuums?
Why could a recycling or recovery machine that uses a hermetic compressor overheat when drawing deep vacuums?
What leak rate triggers the EPA requirement that commercial refrigeration systems containing 50 pounds or more of R-22 be repaired?
What leak rate triggers the EPA requirement that commercial refrigeration systems containing 50 pounds or more of R-22 be repaired?
For what refrigerant is an equipment room refrigerant detector NOT required under ASHRAE Standard 15 provided the mechanical ventilation system in the machinery room is run continuously?
For what refrigerant is an equipment room refrigerant detector NOT required under ASHRAE Standard 15 provided the mechanical ventilation system in the machinery room is run continuously?
Industrial process refrigeration units with a 50 pound charge or more with an annualized leak rate ___ of or more must have leaks repaired.
Industrial process refrigeration units with a 50 pound charge or more with an annualized leak rate ___ of or more must have leaks repaired.
Unless plans are made to replace a system exceeding the maximum leak, repairs must be made in how many days?
Unless plans are made to replace a system exceeding the maximum leak, repairs must be made in how many days?
Refrigerants CFC R-12, HCFC R-22, and HFC 134a are all classified as what?
Refrigerants CFC R-12, HCFC R-22, and HFC 134a are all classified as what?
All Refrigeration & HVAC systems are protected by a?
All Refrigeration & HVAC systems are protected by a?
A refrigerant sensor which will sound an alarm and automatically start a ventilation system in occupied equipment rooms falls under which standard?
A refrigerant sensor which will sound an alarm and automatically start a ventilation system in occupied equipment rooms falls under which standard?
What happens to a refrigerant that is above the saturation temperature?
What happens to a refrigerant that is above the saturation temperature?
What is the first thing to do when a new system has been assembled (built up), and is ready for testing?
What is the first thing to do when a new system has been assembled (built up), and is ready for testing?
Which leak repair category does the EPA define as air-conditioning appliances used to provide cooling in order to control heat and/or humidity in occupied facilities?
Which leak repair category does the EPA define as air-conditioning appliances used to provide cooling in order to control heat and/or humidity in occupied facilities?
What should be done before transferring refrigerant to an empty cylinder?
What should be done before transferring refrigerant to an empty cylinder?
Which of the following refrigerants is an HFO?
Which of the following refrigerants is an HFO?
What steps should be taken before using a recovery unit to remove a charge?
What steps should be taken before using a recovery unit to remove a charge?
What happens if a supermarket system containing 50 or more pounds of R-22 leaks more than 125% of its full charge in a calendar year?
What happens if a supermarket system containing 50 or more pounds of R-22 leaks more than 125% of its full charge in a calendar year?
What can be done with the refrigerant trace gas and nitrogen after the leak is found?
What can be done with the refrigerant trace gas and nitrogen after the leak is found?
What should be done to reduce refrigerant loss from a purge unit on a R-123 chiller?
What should be done to reduce refrigerant loss from a purge unit on a R-123 chiller?
What is the primary water source for a water-cooled recovery unit's condensing coil?
What is the primary water source for a water-cooled recovery unit's condensing coil?
Which of the following methods can be used to pressurize an R-1233ZD system for the purpose of opening the system for non-major repairs?
Which of the following methods can be used to pressurize an R-1233ZD system for the purpose of opening the system for non-major repairs?
Where does refrigerant go to after it leaves the purge unit of a low-pressure centrifugal system?
Where does refrigerant go to after it leaves the purge unit of a low-pressure centrifugal system?
The most efficient method of leak checking a charged low-pressure refrigeration unit is to pressurize the system by the use of controlled hot water or heater blankets.
The most efficient method of leak checking a charged low-pressure refrigeration unit is to pressurize the system by the use of controlled hot water or heater blankets.
What must an owner/operator do if a chiller containing 150 pounds of HCFC refrigerant is leaking above the leak rate threshold?
What must an owner/operator do if a chiller containing 150 pounds of HCFC refrigerant is leaking above the leak rate threshold?
What EPA required evacuation level must be reached for recovery or recycling equipment manufactured or imported on or after Nov. 15, 1993?
What EPA required evacuation level must be reached for recovery or recycling equipment manufactured or imported on or after Nov. 15, 1993?
Non-condensables will cause high discharge pressure.
Non-condensables will cause high discharge pressure.
What is a moisture indicating sight glass useful for?
What is a moisture indicating sight glass useful for?
Why do gauge set hoses used for field service work have self-sealing connectors or hand valves?
Why do gauge set hoses used for field service work have self-sealing connectors or hand valves?
Which refrigerant is commonly associated with low-pressure appliances?
Which refrigerant is commonly associated with low-pressure appliances?
What happens during evacuation with large amounts of moisture?
What happens during evacuation with large amounts of moisture?
EPA regulations state that maintenance, service or repair involving the removal of a compressor is a major repair.
EPA regulations state that maintenance, service or repair involving the removal of a compressor is a major repair.
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Study Notes
Recycling and Recovery Equipment
- Equipment purchases for recycling and recovery in stationary refrigeration do not need EPA reporting.
- Refrigerant recovery should start with the liquid phase for efficiency.
- Recycling machines with hermetic compressors can overheat without adequate refrigerant flow for cooling.
- Refrigerant must be evacuated properly before transferring to a new cylinder, requiring the cylinder to be evacuated first.
Leak Detection and Repair
- Best method for detecting refrigerant leaks is using soap bubbles.
- If an appliance leaks refrigerant above specific thresholds (125% of charge per year), detailed records of leak inspections must be submitted to the EPA.
- Major repairs, such as compressor replacements or evaporator coil changes, require evacuation of the system to specific vacuum levels.
- For commercial refrigeration appliances with 2000 pounds of refrigerant, actions must be taken when leaks exceed designated thresholds.
Refrigeration System Maintenance
- To check for moisture in refrigerants, a moisture-indicating sight glass should be used.
- Pressure relief valves are crucial and must be installed in parallel.
- Condensing coil in water-cooled recovery units relies on local municipal water supply.
- It is essential to avoid letting non-condensables accumulate, as they raise discharge pressure.
Regulatory Compliance
- EPA regulations outline leak repair requirements based on leak rates and specific refrigerants, e.g., 30% for industrial refrigeration and 20% for commercial units starting in 2019.
- Record-keeping for disposed appliances charged between 5 and 50 pounds is required for three years.
- Technicians must follow standards for leak testing and evacuation levels based on refrigerant amounts.
Operational Procedures
- When performing a major repair, isolate the system and evacuate it to the required vacuum level to prevent complications.
- The initial pressure for charging R-134a systems should be around 30 psig to avoid freezing water in heat exchangers.
- Utilize dry nitrogen to break vacuum during dehydration processes but ensure a pressure regulator is in place.
- Monitor the recovery process, especially if strong odors indicate potential compressor issues.
Refrigerant Management
- Refrigerants R-12, R-22, and R-134a are classified as A-1 under safety standards.
- R-717 does not require a detector in continuously ventilated equipment rooms, as per ASHRAE standards.
- R-123 and R-11 are examples of refrigerants used in low-pressure appliances.
- Recovering refrigerants should prioritize minimizing loss of oil during vapor phase recovery.
Safety Measures
- ASHRAE Standard 15 mandates the installation of refrigerant sensors and alarms in equipment rooms.
- Leaks in high-pressure systems can be indicated by excessive superheat, requiring immediate attention.
- Evacuating systems should be done thoroughly to prevent environmental impact and ensure compliance with regulations.
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