6 Questions
What is the primary focus of primary prevention in crime prevention?
Preventing crime from occurring
What is the main goal of criminal psychology?
To develop effective interventions and treatments
Which criminology theory focuses on the social and environmental factors that contribute to crime?
Chicago School
What is the main emphasis of positivist theory?
Rehabilitation and treatment
What is criminal profiling used for?
To aid in the investigation of a crime
Which theory focuses on the gap between cultural goals and means of achieving them?
Strain Theory
Study Notes
Crime Prevention
-
Types of Crime Prevention:
- Primary prevention: focuses on preventing crime from occurring in the first place
- Secondary prevention: targets individuals or groups at high risk of offending
- Tertiary prevention: aims to prevent reoffending
-
Strategies:
- Environmental design: designing public spaces to reduce crime opportunities
- Community-based programs: working with communities to address social and economic issues
- Situational crime prevention: reducing crime opportunities through target hardening and surveillance
Criminal Psychology
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Goals:
- Understanding the motivations and behaviors of criminals
- Developing effective interventions and treatments
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Key Concepts:
- Criminal profiling: creating a psychological profile of an offender to aid investigation
- Criminal responsibility: assessing an individual's mental state and culpability
- Psychopathy: a personality disorder characterized by lack of empathy and impulsivity
Theories of Criminology
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Classical Theory:
- Focuses on individual rational choice and free will
- Emphasizes punishment as a deterrent
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Positivist Theory:
- Focuses on biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to crime
- Emphasizes rehabilitation and treatment
-
Chicago School:
- Focuses on the social and environmental factors that contribute to crime
- Emphasizes the role of neighborhood and community in shaping criminal behavior
-
Strain Theory:
- Focuses on the gap between cultural goals and means of achieving them
- Emphasizes the role of frustration and anger in driving criminal behavior
-
Labeling Theory:
- Focuses on the role of social labeling and stigma in shaping criminal identity
- Emphasizes the impact of societal reaction on criminal behavior
Explore the concepts of crime prevention, criminal psychology, and criminology theories, including classical, positivist, Chicago School, strain, and labeling theories.
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