HC13: Criminaliteits- en veiligheidsbeleid

Integral safety policy does not limit itself to the criminal justice chain and enforcement, but also chooses administrative enforcement for disruptive behaviors and lighter forms of crime, as well as organized crime phenomena. (Geens & Jambon, 2016, p. 8).

Integral safety policy aims to work on structural and individual causes of criminality and insecurity, both subjectively and objectively.

Integrated safety policy is an integrated (vertically coordinated) approach between different policy levels, as well as horizontally; coordination between different government services (National Security Plan, federal security and detention plan, national police plans, and Brussels security plan) and local integral safety plans are all based on the Kadernota and should be conceptually and in terms of priority safety issues aligned with it.

The policy of the Service for the Criminal Justice Policy (DSB) of the Ministry of Justice covers the entire field of the safety chain: general preventive measures and social protection factors, and extends to the areas of penology (sanctioning of offenders) and victimology (support of victims). The DSB aims for an integrated and coordinated criminal justice policy, as part of the broader federal government's comprehensive safety policy.

Criticism of criminal justice policy in Belgium includes a lack of progress, inadequate application, unclear conceptualization of security, too many plans, difficult coordination, and too little monitoring and evaluation.

Police is a government service with a monopoly on the use of force. Traditional core tasks: 1. maintaining public order and safety 2. investigating criminal offenses

New roles for the police include: 3. providing direct assistance 4. signaling and advising

There is a great variation in the relationship between police activities and the structure of the police.

There have been various "policing" models over time, each arising as a reaction to other models.

Four main policing models: 1. military-bureaucratic model, first applied in Napoleonic times, but revived in the 20th century. Goals: maintaining public order + protecting the police from corruption and politicization. Police as a semi-military, hierarchical organization to maintain internal discipline.

Lawful policing model, a reaction to the military-bureaucratic model in the second half of the 19th century. Goals: crime control, police as a law enforcement agency, repressive approach.

Community-oriented policing model, a reaction to the large distance between the population and the police in earlier models. Goals: reducing fear of crime, improving quality of life, and enhancing police services and legitimacy. Police as a decentralized, non-specialized service that works proactively with the community.

Problem-oriented policing is not a separate model, but a variant of community-oriented policing. Developed by Goldstein in 1979 as a reaction to the dominant "means over ends" syndrome of community-oriented policing. Focus on the solution to citizens' problems.

Integral safety policy does not limit itself to the criminal justice chain and enforcement, but also chooses administrative enforcement for disruptive behaviors and lighter forms of crime, as well as organized crime phenomena. (Geens & Jambon, 2016, p. 8).

Integral safety policy aims to work on structural and individual causes of criminality and insecurity, both subjectively and objectively.

Integrated safety policy is an integrated (vertically coordinated) approach between different policy levels, as well as horizontally; coordination between different government services (National Security Plan, federal security and detention plan, national police plans, and Brussels security plan) and local integral safety plans are all based on the Kadernota and should be conceptually and in terms of priority safety issues aligned with it.

The policy of the Service for the Criminal Justice Policy (DSB) of the Ministry of Justice covers the entire field of the safety chain: general preventive measures and social protection factors, and extends to the areas of penology (sanctioning of offenders) and victimology (support of victims). The DSB aims for an integrated and coordinated criminal justice policy, as part of the broader federal government's comprehensive safety policy.

Criticism of criminal justice policy in Belgium includes a lack of progress, inadequate application, unclear conceptualization of security, too many plans, difficult coordination, and too little monitoring and evaluation.

Police is a government service with a monopoly on the use of force. Traditional core tasks: 1. maintaining public order and safety 2. investigating criminal offenses

New roles for the police include: 3. providing direct assistance 4. signaling and advising

There is a great variation in the relationship between police activities and the structure of the police.

There have been various "policing" models over time, each arising as a reaction to other models.

Four main policing models: 1. military-bureaucratic model, first applied in Napoleonic times, but revived in the 20th century. Goals: maintaining public order + protecting the police from corruption and politicization. Police as a semi-military, hierarchical organization to maintain internal discipline.

Lawful policing model, a reaction to the military-bureaucratic model in the second half of the 19th century. Goals: crime control, police as a law enforcement agency, repressive approach.

Community-oriented policing model, a reaction to the large distance between the population and the police in earlier models. Goals: reducing fear of crime, improving quality of life, and enhancing police services and legitimacy. Police as a decentralized, non-specialized service that works proactively with the community.

Problem-oriented policing is not a separate model, but a variant of community-oriented policing. Developed by Goldstein in 1979 as a reaction to the dominant "means over ends" syndrome of community-oriented policing. Focus on the solution to citizens' problems.