Criminal Law and Fourth Amendment Quiz

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What did the Supreme Court define as a search in Katz v. United States (1967)?

Any government intrusion into something in which a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy (correct)

Any action taken by law enforcement officials

Any activity conducted in a public space

Any government action involving a person's personal property

What is the idea behind deterrence?

Criminals are not deterred by fear

Fear of punishment will prevent crimes (correct)

Fear of punishment encourages criminal behavior

Punishment is not effective in preventing crimes

What is parens patriae?

The obligation of parents to supervise their children

A Latin term for 'parental guidance'

The idea that the state takes the role of parents to protect juveniles (correct)

A legal principle protecting parental rights

What is the purpose of probation?

An alternative to prison with specific conditions to follow (C) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during booking?

Recording the arrest details and taking fingerprints and photographs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an arraignment?

A court hearing in which the defendant must enter a plea (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a probation officer?

To supervise offenders who are serving probation sentences (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a dispositional hearing in juvenile court?

To determine the sentence for the juvenile offender (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does an acquittal mean in a criminal case?

To find the defendant not guilty (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an arrestee?

The person arrested (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a pardon by the governor or president entail?

An act that forgives all or part of a prisoner's sentence (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an arrest?

Taking a person into custody for the purpose of charging the person with a crime (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of proving facts in a criminal trial?

The prosecution (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for crimes, such as prostitution and possession of illegal drugs, in which everyone is involved by choice?

Victimless crimes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term describing juveniles who cannot be controlled by their parents?

Incorrigible (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the age at which a person is considered an adult for legal purposes?

Age of Majority (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the conditional release of a prisoner before the end of a prison term?

Parole (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of crime called?

Criminology (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an act which, if done by an adult, would be a crime?

Delinquent (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the geographical area or subject matter over which particular courts or law enforcement agencies have power?

Jurisdiction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the responsibility of proving facts in a case?

Burden of Proof (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a trial conducted without a jury?

Bench Trial (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the questioning of the opponent’s witnesses in a trial?

Cross Examination (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a prison sentence of an indefinite period of time, where prisoners are released based on rehabilitation?

Indeterminate Sentence (A) Signup and view all the answers