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____________ is the means for society to enforce the standards of conduct necessary to protect individuals and the community from the activities of undesirable members of the society.
____________ is the means for society to enforce the standards of conduct necessary to protect individuals and the community from the activities of undesirable members of the society.
Criminal justice system
The criminal justice system consists of ______ law enforcement (police), courts, prosecutors, defense attorneys and corrections.
The criminal justice system consists of ______ law enforcement (police), courts, prosecutors, defense attorneys and corrections.
five
Criminal justice agencies are intended to operate within the ________.
Criminal justice agencies are intended to operate within the ________.
Rule of law
The first police force comparable to the present-day police was established in __________ France.
The first police force comparable to the present-day police was established in __________ France.
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The __________ serve as the venue where disputes are settled and justice is administered.
The __________ serve as the venue where disputes are settled and justice is administered.
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The __________ is the lawyer who brings charges against an individual or corporation.
The __________ is the lawyer who brings charges against an individual or corporation.
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The __________ is the complaining party in civil proceedings.
The __________ is the complaining party in civil proceedings.
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These include ______ the judge, prosecutor, and defense attorney.
These include ______ the judge, prosecutor, and defense attorney.
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_____ cases are usually decided upon by a judge, rather than by a jury.
_____ cases are usually decided upon by a judge, rather than by a jury.
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The most publicly visible form of correction or punishment in the modern era for juveniles is the _____ or prison.
The most publicly visible form of correction or punishment in the modern era for juveniles is the _____ or prison.
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Crime and delinquency is a disruptive issue in the affairs of mankind, and measurement of crime and delinquency is usually _____ in nature.
Crime and delinquency is a disruptive issue in the affairs of mankind, and measurement of crime and delinquency is usually _____ in nature.
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_____ attempt to provide statistical measures of the crime and delinquency in societies.
_____ attempt to provide statistical measures of the crime and delinquency in societies.
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A person who commits murder is called a _________
A person who commits murder is called a _________
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The term _____ meaning a woman, who murders
The term _____ meaning a woman, who murders
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___________ is a defense which serves to negate the mental state of 'malice'.
___________ is a defense which serves to negate the mental state of 'malice'.
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___________ is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice aforethought.
___________ is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice aforethought.
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Constructive manslaughter is also referred to as _____ manslaughter.
Constructive manslaughter is also referred to as _____ manslaughter.
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___________ is the intentional killing of oneself.
___________ is the intentional killing of oneself.
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In criminal law, __________ is an assault by a person involving sexual intercourse with another person without that person's consent.
In criminal law, __________ is an assault by a person involving sexual intercourse with another person without that person's consent.
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__________ is the crime of threatening to reveal substantially true information about a person to the public unless a demand made upon the victim is met.
__________ is the crime of threatening to reveal substantially true information about a person to the public unless a demand made upon the victim is met.
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___________ is the process of recycling large amounts of money obtained from crimes such as political corruption, embezzlement or drug trafficking.
___________ is the process of recycling large amounts of money obtained from crimes such as political corruption, embezzlement or drug trafficking.
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Grievous bodily harm is often abbreviated to _____
Grievous bodily harm is often abbreviated to _____
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Grievous bodily harm is synonymous with offences created by sections 18 and 20 of the Offences against the _____ Act 1861.
Grievous bodily harm is synonymous with offences created by sections 18 and 20 of the Offences against the _____ Act 1861.
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_____ is a crime of violence against another person.
_____ is a crime of violence against another person.
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_____ is often defined to include any intentional physical contact with another person without their consent.
_____ is often defined to include any intentional physical contact with another person without their consent.
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Assault is defined by section _____ of that Criminal Code Act.
Assault is defined by section _____ of that Criminal Code Act.
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_____ is the crime that represents the unlawful physical contact.
_____ is the crime that represents the unlawful physical contact.
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Exceptions exist for unsolicited physical contact which amounts to normal social behavior known as _____ harm.
Exceptions exist for unsolicited physical contact which amounts to normal social behavior known as _____ harm.
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At common law, criminal _____ was an attempted battery.
At common law, criminal _____ was an attempted battery.
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_____ means merely apprehension - awareness rather than any emotional state.
_____ means merely apprehension - awareness rather than any emotional state.
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_____ is the use of force against another, resulting in harmful or offensive contact.
_____ is the use of force against another, resulting in harmful or offensive contact.
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Criminal battery is also referred to as _____
Criminal battery is also referred to as _____
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_____ was defined at common law as 'any unlawful touching of the person of another by the aggressor himself, or by a substance put in motion by him.'
_____ was defined at common law as 'any unlawful touching of the person of another by the aggressor himself, or by a substance put in motion by him.'
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Battery is typically classified as either _____ or aggravated.
Battery is typically classified as either _____ or aggravated.
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Under modern statutory schemes, _____ is often divided into grades that determine the severity of punishment.
Under modern statutory schemes, _____ is often divided into grades that determine the severity of punishment.
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_____ battery may include any form of non-consensual harmful or insulting contact regardless of the injury caused.
_____ battery may include any form of non-consensual harmful or insulting contact regardless of the injury caused.
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_____ battery requires an intent to inflict an injury on another as distinguished from a tortuous battery.
_____ battery requires an intent to inflict an injury on another as distinguished from a tortuous battery.
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_____ may be defined as non-consensual touching of the intimate parts of another.
_____ may be defined as non-consensual touching of the intimate parts of another.
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_____ generally is seen as a serious offense of felony grade, involving the loss of the victim's limb or some other type of permanent disfigurement.
_____ generally is seen as a serious offense of felony grade, involving the loss of the victim's limb or some other type of permanent disfigurement.
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_____ is an attempted battery or the act of intentionally placing a person in apprehension of a harmful or offensive contact with his or her person.
_____ is an attempted battery or the act of intentionally placing a person in apprehension of a harmful or offensive contact with his or her person.
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When a child stays off school without the knowledge and agreement of parents it is called _______.
When a child stays off school without the knowledge and agreement of parents it is called _______.
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Study Notes
Crime and Delinquency Summary
- Crime is a crucial issue in human society, having existed since ancient times, threatening lives and property.
- Crime is defined as the breach of a rule or law, for which a punishment might be prescribed by a governing authority.
- The word "crime" originates from the Latin word "crimen," which originally meant "charge, guilt, accusation."
- Criminal law is used to regulate minor infractions like traffic violations.
- For a crime to occur, there must be some external harm or consequence.
Key Elements of Crime
- Actus reus: The physical element of the crime, requiring proof of the criminal act or omission.
- Mens rea: The mental element of the crime, referring to the criminal intent or guilty state of mind.
- Concurrence: The requirement that actus reus and mens rea occur together for a behavior to be considered a crime.
Defenses Against Criminal Responsibility
- Duress: When a person is forced or coerced into committing a crime.
- Underage: A specific age at which a person is legally considered not responsible for their actions.
- Insanity: An inability to understand the nature of the act due to medical or psychological impairment.
- Self-defense: A lawful defense against immediate harm.
- Entrapment: When law enforcement officials induce a person to commit a crime they would not have otherwise committed.
- Necessity: A crime may be justified if committed to prevent a greater harm.
Types of Crime
- Crime against international law: Crimes defined by international treaties or conventions.
- Crime against humanity: Extremely serious crimes committed against a group of people, aiming at grave humiliation, or degradation.
- White-collar crime: Illegal activities carried out by high-status persons in the course of their occupations.
- Organized crime: Unlawful activities of criminal organizations, typically for financial gain.
- Drug crimes: Crimes involving the use, trafficking, or distribution of illegal drugs.
- Victimless crimes: Crimes where no individual is directly harmed, such as consensual acts prohibited under law.
- Street crime: Crimes committed in public spaces.
Crime and Its Causes
- Crime is often a result of multiple adverse conditions, including poverty, social and family issues, and cultural variables.
- Crime is often a complex issue with various social, economic, and cultural causes.
- Understanding the root causes of crime is important in preventing it.
- Criminology is a crucial subject to understand crime better.
- Cesare Lombroso, a criminologist suggested certain physical attributes could predict criminality.
Categories of Crime
- Crimes against people: Crimes targeting physical or emotional harm to individuals, encompassing rape, assault, and homicide.
- Crimes against property: Crimes involving theft or damage of property, such as burglary, robbery, and larceny.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the criminal justice system and its various components. This quiz covers law enforcement, the roles of different legal professionals, and the historical background of policing. Challenge yourself and learn more about how justice is administered in society.
