Criminal Justice Models and Perspectives
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Questions and Answers

What is the key difference between the crime control perspective and other perspectives?

  • Emphasis on speed and efficiency in processing cases (correct)
  • Focus on protecting individual rights
  • Support for harsh punishments for deterrence
  • Promotion of rehabilitation of offenders

Which amendment is related to the right against self-incrimination (Miranda rights)?

  • Fourth Amendment
  • Fifth Amendment (correct)
  • First Amendment
  • Sixth Amendment

What is the main premise of the due process model of justice?

  • Ensuring swift and severe punishment for offenders
  • Emphasizing retribution and deterrence
  • Focusing on crime prevention through social programs
  • Prioritizing fair treatment and protection of individual rights (correct)

Which amendment protects the right to counsel in legal proceedings?

<p>Sixth Amendment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is restorative justice focused on compared to other models of punishment and crime control?

<p>Rehabilitating offenders to prevent recidivism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model of punishment and crime control stresses consensus among members of society?

<p>Consensus Model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is selective incorporation?

<p>A legal doctrine that applies certain provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states through the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the good faith exception?

<p>A legal principle that allows evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment to be admissible in court if the police acted in good faith (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'self-incrimination' mean, and which amendment protects people from it?

<p>Making statements that could expose oneself to criminal prosecution; Fifth Amendment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the US Constitution ratified?

<p>1788 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is precedent in legal terms?

<p>A legal case or decision that may be used as a standard in subsequent similar cases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stare decisis?

<p>The legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mens rea' is a term referring to:

<p>The mental state or intention required for a crime (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Actus Reus'?

<p>The physical act or conduct that constitutes a criminal offense (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 'misdemeanors'?

<p>Less serious criminal offenses usually punishable by fines or short-term imprisonment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the crime control perspective in the criminal justice system?

<p>Preventing and controlling crime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model of punishment and crime control stresses consensus among members of society?

<p>Consensus model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of the due process model in the criminal justice system?

<p>Fair treatment of accused individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment to the US Constitution protects individuals against cruel and unusual punishment?

<p>Eighth Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What amendment deals specifically with search and seizure issues in the US legal system?

<p>Fourth Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does legal realism primarily focus on in the context of the law?

<p>Predicting judicial decisions based on social context (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

7

<p>The Articles of Confederation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of restorative justice as a model of punishment?

<p>Repairing harm caused by crime (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the guilt act in a crime?

<p>Actus Reus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the father of positivist criminology?

<p>A criminologist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment protects individuals from self-incrimination?

<p>Fifth Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What Latin term refers to the 'guilty mind' in a criminal offense?

<p>Mens Rea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who issues a search warrant?

<p>Judge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Actus Reus' refers to:

<p>Physical act or conduct that constitutes a crime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mens Rea' focuses on:

<p>'Guilty mind' or criminal intent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Stare Decisis' is a legal principle related to:

<p>Precedent and case law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Anomie' is a concept related to:

<p>Social breakdown and lack of norms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Lex Talionis' is associated with:

<p>'Eye for an eye' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is central to restorative justice?

<p>Reconciliation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model emphasizes speed and efficiency in the criminal justice process?

<p>Crime Control Model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the adversary system in criminal justice?

<p>Ensuring fairness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer in the wedding cake model represents high-profile cases?

<p>The top layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the conflict model of criminal justice highlight?

<p>Ongoing power struggles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment deals with protection against cruel and unusual punishment?

<p>Eighth Amendment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cases typically go through assembly line justice?

<p>'Run-of-the-mill' cases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of legal realism in the context of law?

<p>'Living law' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of legal consciousness?

<p>'Legal insider' perspective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Interpreters' in the criminal justice system primarily refer to individuals responsible for:

<p>'Translating' legal documents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of social process theorists?

<p>Criminal behavior is a choice made after assessing consequences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do social control theories believe?

<p>Criminal behavior is a result of weak bonds to conventional society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of the classical approach to crime and crime control?

<p>Crime can be prevented through harsh punishments as deterrents. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core concept of Differential Association Theory?

<p>Individuals learn criminal behavior through interactions with others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the modes of adaptation, according to Merton?

<p>Innovation, rebellion, conformity, retreatism, ritualism. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Age Crime Curve?

<p>A curve showing the relationship between age and likelihood of committing crimes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does social disorganization theory focus on?

<p>The breakdown of social institutions as leading to criminal behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Society is sick' refers to:

<p>'Anomie' in criminology theories. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What Latin term refers to the 'guilty mind' in a criminal offense?

<p>Mens Rea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who issues a search warrant?

<p>Judge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the body of the crime in Latin?

<p>Corpus Delicti (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the father of positivist criminology?

<p>Cesare Lombroso (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What Latin term refers to the guilty mind in a criminal offense?

<p>Mens Rea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of Routine Activities Theory (RAT)?

<p>Crime occurs when motivated offenders meet suitable targets in the absence of capable guardians. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Mala en Se crimes?

<p>Crimes that are considered inherently evil or immoral. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevailing criteria to establish the insanity defense in the US?

<p>&quot;Irresistible Impulse Test&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of Differential Association Theory?

<p>Individuals learn criminal behavior through interactions with others who engage in crime. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What Latin term is associated with the principle of 'an eye for an eye'?

<p>&quot;Lex Talionis&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Stare Decisis' is a legal principle related to what concept?

<p>&quot;Precedent&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Actus Reus' refers to which aspect of a crime?

<p>&quot;The physical act of committing a crime&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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