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Criminal Justice Models and Perspectives
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Criminal Justice Models and Perspectives

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Questions and Answers

What is the key difference between the crime control perspective and other perspectives?

  • Emphasis on speed and efficiency in processing cases (correct)
  • Focus on protecting individual rights
  • Support for harsh punishments for deterrence
  • Promotion of rehabilitation of offenders

    • Which amendment is related to the right against self-incrimination (Miranda rights)?

  • Fourth Amendment
  • Fifth Amendment (correct)
  • First Amendment
  • Sixth Amendment

    • What is the main premise of the due process model of justice?

  • Ensuring swift and severe punishment for offenders
  • Emphasizing retribution and deterrence
  • Focusing on crime prevention through social programs
  • Prioritizing fair treatment and protection of individual rights (correct)

    • Which amendment protects the right to counsel in legal proceedings?

    <p>Sixth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is restorative justice focused on compared to other models of punishment and crime control?

    <p>Rehabilitating offenders to prevent recidivism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of punishment and crime control stresses consensus among members of society?

    <p>Consensus Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is selective incorporation?

    <p>A legal doctrine that applies certain provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states through the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the good faith exception?

    <p>A legal principle that allows evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment to be admissible in court if the police acted in good faith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'self-incrimination' mean, and which amendment protects people from it?

    <p>Making statements that could expose oneself to criminal prosecution; Fifth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the US Constitution ratified?

    <p>1788</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is precedent in legal terms?

    <p>A legal case or decision that may be used as a standard in subsequent similar cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stare decisis?

    <p>The legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Mens rea' is a term referring to:

    <p>The mental state or intention required for a crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Actus Reus'?

    <p>The physical act or conduct that constitutes a criminal offense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'misdemeanors'?

    <p>Less serious criminal offenses usually punishable by fines or short-term imprisonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the crime control perspective in the criminal justice system?

    <p>Preventing and controlling crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of punishment and crime control stresses consensus among members of society?

    <p>Consensus model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main premise of the due process model in the criminal justice system?

    <p>Fair treatment of accused individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment to the US Constitution protects individuals against cruel and unusual punishment?

    <p>Eighth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What amendment deals specifically with search and seizure issues in the US legal system?

    <p>Fourth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does legal realism primarily focus on in the context of the law?

    <p>Predicting judicial decisions based on social context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    7

    <p>The Articles of Confederation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of restorative justice as a model of punishment?

    <p>Repairing harm caused by crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the guilt act in a crime?

    <p>Actus Reus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the father of positivist criminology?

    <p>A criminologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment protects individuals from self-incrimination?

    <p>Fifth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What Latin term refers to the 'guilty mind' in a criminal offense?

    <p>Mens Rea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who issues a search warrant?

    <p>Judge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Actus Reus' refers to:

    <p>Physical act or conduct that constitutes a crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Mens Rea' focuses on:

    <p>'Guilty mind' or criminal intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Stare Decisis' is a legal principle related to:

    <p>Precedent and case law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Anomie' is a concept related to:

    <p>Social breakdown and lack of norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Lex Talionis' is associated with:

    <p>'Eye for an eye'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is central to restorative justice?

    <p>Reconciliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model emphasizes speed and efficiency in the criminal justice process?

    <p>Crime Control Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of the adversary system in criminal justice?

    <p>Ensuring fairness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the wedding cake model represents high-profile cases?

    <p>The top layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the conflict model of criminal justice highlight?

    <p>Ongoing power struggles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment deals with protection against cruel and unusual punishment?

    <p>Eighth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cases typically go through assembly line justice?

    <p>'Run-of-the-mill' cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of legal realism in the context of law?

    <p>'Living law'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of legal consciousness?

    <p>'Legal insider' perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Interpreters' in the criminal justice system primarily refer to individuals responsible for:

    <p>'Translating' legal documents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main premise of social process theorists?

    <p>Criminal behavior is a choice made after assessing consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do social control theories believe?

    <p>Criminal behavior is a result of weak bonds to conventional society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main premise of the classical approach to crime and crime control?

    <p>Crime can be prevented through harsh punishments as deterrents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core concept of Differential Association Theory?

    <p>Individuals learn criminal behavior through interactions with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the modes of adaptation, according to Merton?

    <p>Innovation, rebellion, conformity, retreatism, ritualism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Age Crime Curve?

    <p>A curve showing the relationship between age and likelihood of committing crimes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does social disorganization theory focus on?

    <p>The breakdown of social institutions as leading to criminal behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Society is sick' refers to:

    <p>'Anomie' in criminology theories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What Latin term refers to the 'guilty mind' in a criminal offense?

    <p>Mens Rea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who issues a search warrant?

    <p>Judge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the body of the crime in Latin?

    <p>Corpus Delicti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the father of positivist criminology?

    <p>Cesare Lombroso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What Latin term refers to the guilty mind in a criminal offense?

    <p>Mens Rea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main premise of Routine Activities Theory (RAT)?

    <p>Crime occurs when motivated offenders meet suitable targets in the absence of capable guardians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Mala en Se crimes?

    <p>Crimes that are considered inherently evil or immoral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevailing criteria to establish the insanity defense in the US?

    <p>&quot;Irresistible Impulse Test&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main premise of Differential Association Theory?

    <p>Individuals learn criminal behavior through interactions with others who engage in crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What Latin term is associated with the principle of 'an eye for an eye'?

    <p>&quot;Lex Talionis&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Stare Decisis' is a legal principle related to what concept?

    <p>&quot;Precedent&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Actus Reus' refers to which aspect of a crime?

    <p>&quot;The physical act of committing a crime&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

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