29 Questions
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I)
How can basal meningiomas cause a loss of smell?
By invading the cribriform plate
Which cranial nerve is typically evaluated for visual acuity, visual fields, and fundoscopic examination?
Optic nerve (cranial nerve II)
What test can be performed to evaluate the sense of smell in a patient?
Present smell cards with distinctive scents
In which type of infections might inflammation of the nasal mucosa lead to a loss of smell?
Upper respiratory infections
Why should the sense of smell be evaluated after head trauma?
To ensure the olfactory nerve is intact
How is the vagus nerve primarily tested in a patient?
By observing the symmetric rise of the palate while saying 'ah'
What is the main function of the glossopharyngeal nerve mentioned in the text?
Carries sensation from the posterior pharynx and larynx
How is cranial nerve XI, the spinal accessory nerve, primarily tested for function?
By assessing shoulder shrug movement
Why is the routine use of the gag reflex in clinical practice limited according to the text?
Low sensitivity and specificity
Which cranial nerve enables tongue movement and controls muscles important for speech and swallowing?
Hypoglossal nerve
How is the soft palate innervated according to the text?
By the vagus nerve
Which method is used to check distance vision during a comprehensive eye examination?
Snellen chart
What is the target used in the confrontation method to evaluate visual fields?
Examiner's finger
What is the main function of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI?
Control position of eyeballs
How can a lesion causing ptosis be differentiated between Horner's syndrome and CN III lesion?
By noting pupillary size on the side of the ptotic eyelid
Which nerve supplies taste sensation to the anterior part of the tongue?
Facial nerve (VII)
What muscles lift the eyelid?
Levator palpebrae muscle and superior tarsal muscle
How can one differentiate between miosis and mydriasis in pupillary size?
$Pupils constrict for miosis and dilate for mydriasis$
'Papilledema' is associated with which ocular structure during examination?
Optic disk
'Conjugate' eye movements refer to movements that are:
$Normal$
What is tested by applying sugar or salt solutions to the anterior tongue?
Taste
Which cranial nerve carries auditory and vestibular input?
Cranial nerve VIII
What is the sense provided by the vestibular system?
Balance
Nystagmus, a rhythmic eye movement, can be caused by lesions in which areas?
Both peripheral and central lesions
Which test is used to differentiate conductive from sensorineural hearing loss?
Rinne test
Where is a vibrating tuning fork placed in the Weber test?
At the vertex of the skull
What is conjugate paresis?
Inability to move both eyes together in a single direction
'Ah' is used to test which cranial nerve?
Vagus nerve
Test your knowledge on Cranial Nerve VIII, which carries auditory and vestibular input, as well as the vestibular system's role in providing balance. Evaluate your understanding of hearing tests, vestibular function tests, and nystagmus.
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