CRAM Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is CRAM based on?

evidence

What is required for CRAM to work?

training, appropriate allocation of staff, ability to manage and rectify physical work environment

What is the first objective of CRAM?

promote a safe environment for MH consumers and staff

What is the second objective of CRAM?

establish minimum standards for CRAM in WA Signup and view all the answers

What is the third objective of CRAM?

assist understanding and application of CRAM principles Signup and view all the answers

Name 4 relevant documents for CRAM.

osh act 1984, osh regulations 1996, MHA 1996, nurse codes of conduct, standards, policies and guidelines Signup and view all the answers

What policies and procedures apply after the CRAMP?

area health policies eg NMAHS Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories of harm risk?

risk of harm to self, risk to others, risk from others Signup and view all the answers

What are types of self-harm?

self harm, suicide, repetitive self injury, self neglect, absconding, health (substance abuse, non compliance), QOL, dignity, reputation, social, financial Signup and view all the answers

What are types of harm to others?

physical, psychological (bullying, stalking, threat, intimidation, harassment), property, public nuisance, predation, sexual, reckless endangerment Signup and view all the answers

What are the risks from the hospital?

stigmata, med side effects, ineffective care, institutionalisation Signup and view all the answers

What are types of harm from others?

sexual, physical, social, emotional abuse, neglect, financial exploitation Signup and view all the answers

What are children risks?

neglect, abuse Signup and view all the answers

What are elderly abuses?

self neglect Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 steps in CRAM?

1.establish context, 2.identify risks, 3.analyze risks, 4.evaluate and prioritise risks, 5.treat risks Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors underpinning all CRAM steps?

communication, consultation, documentation, monitoring, review Signup and view all the answers

Which steps are the actual assessment of risk?

analyze, evaluate, prioritise Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of step 3 (analysis)?

identify nature and tasks for further action Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of step 4 (evaluate and prioritise)?

compare risks against acceptability criteria -> prioritised list Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

CRAM Overview

CRAM is based on evidence.
Successful CRAM implementation requires training, proper staff allocation, and effective management of the work environment.

Objectives of CRAM

The first objective is to promote a safe environment for mental health consumers and staff.
The second objective focuses on establishing minimum standards for CRAM in Western Australia.
The third objective aims to assist in understanding and applying CRAM principles.

Relevant Documents

Key documents include the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984, Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996, Mental Health Act 1996, nurse codes of conduct, and various standards, policies, and guidelines.

Policies and Procedures Post-CRAMP

Area health policies, such as those from NMAHS, come into effect after implementing CRAMP.

Categories of Harm Risk

Three categories of harm risk in CRAM:
- Risk of harm to self
- Risk to others
- Risk from others

Types of Self-harm

Forms of self-harm encompass:
- Suicide
- Repetitive self-injury
- Self-neglect
- Absconding
- Issues related to health including substance abuse and non-compliance
- Impacts on quality of life, dignity, reputation, social aspects, and financial status

Types of Harm to Others

Types of harm to others include:
- Physical harm
- Psychological harm such as bullying, stalking, threats, intimidation, and harassment
- Property damage, public nuisance, predation, sexual harm, and reckless endangerment

Risks associated with hospitals include stigma, medication side effects, ineffective care, and institutionalization.

Types of Harm from Others

Harm from others can manifest as:
- Sexual abuse
- Physical abuse
- Social and emotional abuse
- Neglect and financial exploitation

Risks for Specific Groups

Children face risks of neglect and abuse.
Elderly individuals are at risk of self-neglect.

Steps in CRAM

CRAM consists of five steps:
- Establish context
- Identify risks
- Analyze risks
- Evaluate and prioritize risks
- Treat risks

Factors Underpinning CRAM Steps

All CRAM steps are supported by effective communication, consultation, thorough documentation, monitoring, and review.

Risk Assessment Steps

The actual risk assessment occurs in the analyze, evaluate, and prioritize steps.

Goals of Analysis and Evaluation Steps

The objective of step 3 (analysis) is to identify the nature of risks and determine necessary actions.
The objective of step 4 (evaluate and prioritize) involves comparing risks against acceptability criteria to create a prioritized risk list.

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Description

Test your knowledge on CRAM concepts and objectives. This quiz focuses on the foundational elements of CRAM, including the requirements for effective implementation and safety standards. Perfect for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of CRAM in mental health settings.