CRAB Infection Treatment Regimens
36 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the minimum daily dosage of Sulbactam required for effective treatment of CRAB infections in critically ill patients?

  • 10 grams
  • 8 grams
  • 6 grams (correct)
  • 4 grams

    • What percentage of patients who received Colistin monotherapy showed clinical improvement by day 5 in a clinical study?

  • 10%
  • 40%
  • 30%
  • 16% (correct)

    • What is a limitation of the clinical study involving 39 patients with CRAB pneumonia?

  • Small sample size
  • Lack of Sulbactam usage
  • Open-label design
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What was the total daily dosage of Sulbactam used in a comparative study involving 47 patients with CRAB pneumonia?

    <p>6 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of two additional clinical studies on the use of Ampicillin/Sulbactam for CRAB infections?

    <p>No difference in clinical outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of using Sulbactam-based treatment plans compared to Polymyxin-based treatment plans?

    <p>Less frequent nephrotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily dosage of Sulbactam for CRAB infections?

    <p>6-9 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Durlobactam in the treatment of CRAB infections?

    <p>It provides protection and enhances the likelihood of Sulbactam reaching its PBP targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the RCT comparing Ampicillin/Sulbactam to Colistin in treating ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by CRAB?

    <p>Both treatment options yielded comparable outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the retrospective cohort study comparing low-dose Colistin to Ampicillin/Sulbactam in treating CRAB VAP?

    <p>There was no significant difference in clinical failure between the two treatment groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the small randomized controlled trial comparing Ampicillin/Sulbactam to Colistin in treating CRAB VAP?

    <p>Ampicillin/Sulbactam showed significant improvement in 14-day and 28-day mortality rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the comparison between Sulbactam/Durlobactam and Ampicillin/Sulbactam in terms of nephrotoxicity?

    <p>Both treatment groups have comparable incidence of nephrotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of β-Lactamase inhibitors in the treatment of CRAB infections?

    <p>They inhibit CRAB-generated class A, C, and D enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the retrospective cohort study comparing Tigecycline to Sulbactam for treating hospital-acquired infections caused by CRAB bacteria?

    <p>There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality rates between the two groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment approach for CRAB infections according to the guideline?

    <p>Using Ampicillin/Sulbactam in high doses as the primary component in combination therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current status of Sulbactam/Durlobactam in terms of FDA approval?

    <p>It has completed phase 3 clinical testing but is not yet approved by the FDA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant advantage of Sulbactam-based treatment in a Taiwanese multicenter study?

    <p>Lower incidence of death in the ICU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general association between Tigecycline and hospital-acquired pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bloodstream infections?

    <p>Higher mortality risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Diazabicyclooctanones (DBOs) that makes them difficult to synthesize?

    <p>Requires a minimum of 12 synthetic steps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique feature of Avibactam's inhibitory mechanism?

    <p>It has a broad spectrum of action against Class A, Class C, and some Class D enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential of combinations of BL-ABs/2nd generation BLIs?

    <p>Extremely successful against a wide range of multidrug-resistant bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been observed in various studies regarding the novel combination Ceftazidime/Avibactam?

    <p>Emerging resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed therapeutic option for severe infections caused by MDR-GNB producing Class B Metallo-β-Lactamase?

    <p>Aztreonam/Avibactam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Aztreonam?

    <p>Resistant to MBLs hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients infected by E.cloacae and P. aeruginosa showed resistance to the Ceftazidime/Avibactam combination?

    <p>8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using structure-based drug design and computational and medicinal chemistry in the development of DBO derivatives?

    <p>Simplifies the synthesis process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the resistance of P.aeruginosa to Ceftazidime/Avibactam?

    <p>Impaired membrane permeability and drug efflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a single amino acid substitution in the loop of KPC on Avibactam's inhibition capacity?

    <p>Decreases Avibactam's inhibition capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the D179Y substitution on the MICs of Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Aztreonam, and Meropenem?

    <p>Decreases the MICs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of BL-AB to 2nd generation BLI required for Relebactam to be effective?

    <p>22:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of inhibition of Zidebactam?

    <p>Binding to PBP2 in Enterobacteriaceae and P.aeruginosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of mutations that render Avibactam ineffective on the susceptibility of certain 1st generation BLIs?

    <p>Increases susceptibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Nacubactam that differentiates it from Avibactam and Relebactam?

    <p>Showing activity against XDR-E isolates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combination of antibiotics being developed to combat Pan-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas species?

    <p>Cefepime/Zidebactam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the resistance of Klebsiella pneumonia to Ceftazidime/Avibactam?

    <p>A single amino acid substitution in the loop of KPC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Avibactam that is not shared with Relebactam?

    <p>Having a small intrinsic antibacterial activity against E.coli and H.influenzae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser