Questions and Answers
How many compressions per minute for EVERY age?
100 - 120 minute
What are rescue breaths?
Given to a person with a pulse, but not breathing
How many rescue breaths for an adult?
Once every 5 - 6 seconds
How many rescue breaths for an infant or child?
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Where do you check a pulse on an adult or child?
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Where do you check a pulse on an infant?
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How do you know if ventilations are effective?
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How long should each breath take to give?
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How do you allow the heart to fill back up with blood?
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When should you use an AED on a person with no pulse?
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What is the first step in using an AED?
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In the AHA chain of survival, what is the last step?
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What does ROSC stand for?
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What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children?
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Describe sudden cardiac arrest.
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What is ischemia?
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What is infarction?
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What is a myocardial infarction?
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What do you look for in a stroke victim?
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Where do you push down for CPR?
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How should you open a person's airway if there is no head or neck injury?
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How should you open a person's airway if there IS a head or neck injury?
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How many breaths per minute do you give a victim with an advanced airway?
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If you have enough team members, how many hands should the person giving breaths with a BVM use?
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After you check the scene for safety, what do you check next?
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If you find that a victim is unconscious, what do you do next?
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Can you use adult AED pads on an infant?
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Can you use pediatric AED pads on an adult?
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How far down do you compress an adult's chest?
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How far down do you compress a child's chest?
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How far down do you compress an infant's chest?
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What is the ratio of compressions to ventilations in an adult 1 person scenario?
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What is the ratio of compressions to ventilations in an adult 2 person scenario?
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What is the ratio of compressions to ventilations in a child 1 person scenario?
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What is the ratio of compressions to ventilations in a child 2 person scenario?
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What is the ratio of compressions to ventilations in an infant 1 person scenario?
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What is the ratio of compressions to ventilations in an infant 2 person scenario?
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Two life-threatening arrhythmias that CAN be shocked are?
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What is the universal sign of choking?
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How do you know an unconscious victim is choking?
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What should you be sure of prior to pushing the AED SHOCK button?
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In Team Dynamics, everyone understanding his/her job is?
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In Team Dynamics, understanding what you know and are able to do is?
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In Team Dynamics, tactfully telling a team member to change how they are giving care is?
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In Team Dynamics, letting the team know what you have done and/or what you feel should be the next step is?
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In Team Dynamics, reviewing what went correct and what could be improved upon is?
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In Team Dynamics, giving a statement and making sure the other person repeats it back correctly is?
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How long do you take to check breathing and circulation?
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Right after you deliver a shock, you should?
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How do you give compressions on an infant?
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How should you perform the Heimlich maneuver on an obese person or pregnant woman?
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What is the first maneuver you should do on an alert (conscious) choking infant?
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What does BLS stand for?
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What are temporary gasps that are not adequate breathing?
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What is the only added step in giving care for an unconscious (unresponsive) choking victim above CPR?
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Study Notes
CPR and Rescue Breaths
- Compressions should be delivered at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute for all ages.
- Rescue breaths are administered to individuals with a pulse who are not breathing.
- For adults, provide one rescue breath every 5 to 6 seconds.
- For infants and children, offer one rescue breath every 3 to 5 seconds.
Pulse Checks
- Check the pulse in adults and children using the carotid artery.
- For infants, check the pulse at the brachial artery.
Ventilation Effectiveness
- Effective ventilations are indicated by the rising of the chest.
- Each rescue breath should last approximately 1 second.
CPR Techniques
- Allow full chest recoil between compressions to let the heart refill with blood.
- Use an AED as soon as it becomes available for individuals with no pulse.
- The first step in AED usage is to turn it on.
Chain of Survival
- The AHA chain of survival includes early activation of EMS, early CPR, early AED use, advanced life support, followed by post-cardiac arrest care.
Medical Terminology
- ROSC stands for Return of Spontaneous Circulation, indicating that the patient has regained a pulse.
- The most common cause of cardiac arrest in children is respiratory failure or shock.
- Ischemia refers to the lack of oxygen to body tissues, while infarction means tissue death, commonly referred to as a heart attack.
Stroke Recognition and CPR Positioning
- Identify stroke victims using FAST: Face drooping, Arm drooping, Speech problems, Time.
- CPR should be performed on the lower portion of the sternum.
Airway Management
- Use head tilt-chin lift to open the airway if there is no head or neck injury.
- Perform jaw thrust maneuver if head or neck injury is suspected.
Advanced Airway Ventilation
- Provide breaths once every 6 seconds for victims with an advanced airway.
- When using a bag-valve-mask (BVM), use two hands if team members are available.
Initial Safety and Response Steps
- After ensuring scene safety, check the patient's responsiveness.
- If the victim is unconscious, immediately call for help and activate EMS by dialing 911.
AED Usage and Safety
- Adult AED pads can be used on infants; pediatric pads cannot be used on adults.
- Chest compressions for adults should be at least 2 inches deep, 2 inches for children, and 1.5 inches for infants.
Compression and Ventilation Ratios
- The compression to ventilation ratio for adults is 30:2 in both one-person and two-person scenarios.
- For children in a two-person scenario, the ratio is 15:2; for infants, it is also 15:2 for two people.
Arrhythmias and Choking Sign
- The two lifethreatening arrhythmias that can be shocked are ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.
- The universal sign of choking is two hands clutching the throat.
Compressions and Communication in Teams
- Ensure that everyone is clear of the scene before administering an AED shock.
- In team dynamics, clear roles and responsibilities are vital for effective operations.
- Knowing your limitations and practicing constructive intervention promotes safer teamwork.
- Knowledge sharing and closed-loop communication enhance team efficiency.
Breathing and Compressions Timing
- Assess breathing and circulation for no longer than 10 seconds.
- After delivering an AED shock, immediately resume high-quality compressions.
Special Situations
- Compressions on an infant are done with two fingers in the center of the chest.
- For pregnant or obese choking individuals, perform thrusts at the center of the chest instead of the abdomen.
- For alert choking infants, place the infant's head down and deliver 5 back blows.
Additional Terminology
- BLS stands for Basic Life Support.
- Agonal respirations are temporary gasps that do not qualify as adequate breathing.
- For unresponsive choking victims, check the airway for obstructions after chest compressions.
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Description
Boost your knowledge with this CPR test review quiz. Explore key concepts such as the number of compressions per minute, rescue breaths for different age groups, and more. Perfect for preparing for your CPR certification or refresher.
