CPR Class Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What should you do after calling 9-1-1 when caring for shock?

Give care according to your training for the condition causing the shock, have the person assume a position of comfort, maintain body temperature, not give them anything to eat or drink, provide reassurance, and continue to monitor the person's condition.

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of shock? (Select all that apply)

Grayish skin (correct)

Confusion (correct)

Dizziness

Nausea (correct)

A person should never self-administer more than one dose of quick-relief medication via inhaler for an asthma attack.

False

You can administer a second dose of epinephrine if the person is still having signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis 5 to 10 minutes after administering the first dose and EMS has not arrived.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign or symptom of a heart attack?

Persistent chest pain Signup and view all the answers

It is especially important to note the time that signs and symptoms of stroke started in a person.

True Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assist a family member with administering naloxone to the person with a suspected opioid overdose?

Naloxone reverses the effects of opioids. Signup and view all the answers

What is important to determine before giving sugar by mouth to the person experiencing a diabetic emergency? (Select all that apply)

Make sure the person can follow simple commands Signup and view all the answers

Vomiting and diarrhea in young children and infants can lead to which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

When is it important to consult a healthcare provider if a young child or infant has a fever? (Select all that apply)

The infant is younger than 3 months and has a fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or greater. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of stroke? (Select all that apply)

Facial weakness Signup and view all the answers

In a small child or an infant, bleeding may be life-threatening when the amount of blood loss is less than about half of what a soda can contains.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following shows life-threatening bleeding? (Select all that apply)

Blood flowing continuously from the wound Signup and view all the answers

The person cut their arm while working on a job site. Blood is flowing steadily from the person's wound and pooling on the ground. This is life-threatening bleeding.

True Signup and view all the answers

The person tripped over a rock while hiking, fell and cut their leg. There is a slow trickle of blood from the cut on the person's leg. This is life-threatening bleeding.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is best to use when applying direct pressure to control life-threatening bleeding?

Hemostatic dressing Signup and view all the answers

Where on this person's arm should a tourniquet be applied?

On the forearm, about 2 to 3 inches above the wound between the wound and the heart Signup and view all the answers

What should you do before giving care to an unresponsive and not breathing co-worker, if possible?

Put on latex-free disposable gloves Signup and view all the answers

What is your risk of catching a disease when giving first aid care?

Low risk Signup and view all the answers

How long should you wash your hands when using soap and water?

At least 20 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What are some things to keep in mind about wearing gloves when giving first aid care?

<ul> <li>Avoid touching other surfaces. - Wash your hands after taking off your gloves.</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What might indicate an emergency situation? (Select all that apply)

The person appears unresponsive and is laying on the ground Signup and view all the answers

What reduces your risk of infection when giving first aid care?

Latex-free disposable gloves, face shield, pocket mask Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following could be considered signs of an emergency? (Select all that apply)

Noxious smell Signup and view all the answers

What does S.A.M stand for?

Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications and medical conditions Signup and view all the answers

What should you do first upon hearing a scream and loud noises in a crowded playground?

Check the scene for safety Signup and view all the answers

Why should a responsive person be placed in a recovery position?

To lower their risk for choking and aspiration Signup and view all the answers

What do you need to do if you approach a choking child?

Obtain consent from the parent. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do next if you encounter an unresponsive man who collapsed?

Check for responsiveness using shout-tap-shout sequence while checking for breathing. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a co-worker who fell off a ladder refuses help?

Call 9-1-1 or tell someone to do so. Signup and view all the answers

What does SAM stand for? (Select all that apply)

Medications and medical conditions Signup and view all the answers

What should you do next if a person reports pain in their left arm?

Do a focused check of their left arm. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use SAM and do a focused check? (Select all that apply)

You may gather information that others may not be able to gather later. Signup and view all the answers

What does the call step involve?

Calling 9-1-1 and getting the AED, a first aid kit and a bleeding control kit. Signup and view all the answers

What communication techniques should be used when asking someone to call 9-1-1? (Select all that apply)

Look directly at one person. Signup and view all the answers

What can cause cardiac arrest? (Select all that apply)

Breathing emergency Signup and view all the answers

Which signs may lead you to suspect a person is in cardiac arrest? (Select all that apply)

Unresponsive Signup and view all the answers

What should you do first if a person is unresponsive and not breathing?

Call 9-1-1 and get the AED and first aid kit. Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable rate of compressions when giving high-quality CPR?

100 to 120 Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum depth of compressions for high-quality CPR on an adult?

At least 2 inches Signup and view all the answers

For high-quality CPR, interruptions in chest compressions should be less than how many seconds?

Less than 10 seconds Signup and view all the answers

When giving breaths during high-quality CPR, what should each breath cause?

The chest to begin to rise Signup and view all the answers

How should the first aid responder position their body when giving chest compressions?

Shoulders directly over the hands and elbows locked Signup and view all the answers

What position should the airway be opened to using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique?

Past neutral Signup and view all the answers

What is important to do between giving the first and second breath?

Allow the chest to fall and the air to exit Signup and view all the answers

What technique should be used when giving breaths using a pocket mask?

Lift the person's face into the mask to open the airway to a past-neutral position Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if the chest does not rise on the first breath?

Reopen the airway and give a second breath Signup and view all the answers

If you are unable or unwilling to perform full CPR, you should give continuous breaths at a rate of 10 to 12 per minute.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct placement for AED pads on an adult in cardiac arrest?

Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest Signup and view all the answers

You should use pediatric AED pads on a frail 82-year-old woman who weighs about 105 pounds.

False Signup and view all the answers

You need to remove a sweatshirt before placing AED pads on an older adult in cardiac arrest.

True Signup and view all the answers

You should check to see if a person is breathing before starting CPR again after giving a shock.

False Signup and view all the answers

You should stop CPR when a bystander tells you to stop if they say it's no use.

False Signup and view all the answers

Shock is a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants.

True Signup and view all the answers

Sinus infections are a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants.

False Signup and view all the answers

For CPR on a 5-month-old infant, which age group's techniques and equipment should be used?

Infant Signup and view all the answers

For a 14-year-old in cardiac arrest, which age group’s techniques and equipment should be used?

Adult Signup and view all the answers

For an 8-year-old in cardiac arrest, what is the upper age limit for a child in CPR terms?

Onset of puberty Signup and view all the answers

What are the appropriate depth and rate for chest compressions for a child? (Select all that apply)

Compression rate of 100-120 per minute Signup and view all the answers

Where on the child's chest should hands be positioned to give compressions?

Centered on the chest Signup and view all the answers

To open a child's airway before giving breaths, what position should be used?

Slightly past neutral Signup and view all the answers

When drowning is suspected as the cause of cardiac arrest, what should the responder do first?

Give 2 breaths Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal when giving chest compressions?

Push hard and fast Signup and view all the answers

What are the appropriate depth and rate for chest compressions for an infant? (Select all that apply)

Compress at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute Signup and view all the answers

Which techniques may be used to give chest compressions to an infant? (Select all that apply)

One hand technique Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct position for opening an infant's airway before giving breaths?

Neutral position Signup and view all the answers

When giving breaths to an infant with a face shield, which body parts should be covered?

Nose and mouth Signup and view all the answers

When should responders switch roles if more than one trained responder is available? (Select all that apply)

After every five cycles of CPR Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct placement of adult AED pads on a 10-year-old child?

Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if adult AED pads are touching when placed on a 3-year-old child?

Place one pad in the middle of the chest and one on the back. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct placement of pediatric AED pads on a 7-month-old infant?

Middle of the chest and on the back Signup and view all the answers

When two trained responders are present, when should they switch roles? (Select all that apply)

After the AED says that no shock is advised Signup and view all the answers

What may indicate a person is choking? (Select all that apply)

The person is making high-pitched squeaking noises Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a choking person is coughing forcefully?

Encourage them to keep coughing Signup and view all the answers

After encouraging a coughing person to keep coughing, it is fine to leave them.

False Signup and view all the answers

What should you do first if a choking person cannot speak or cough forcefully?

Call 9-1-1 and get the equipment. Signup and view all the answers

If a child is making high-pitched noises and unable to cough, what should you do next?

Administer back blows. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you're unable to give effective abdominal thrusts to a woman in a wheelchair who is choking?

Give chest thrusts. Signup and view all the answers

What technique should you use to continue care after giving back blows to a choking teenager who still cannot cough or speak?

Abdominal thrusts. Signup and view all the answers

Where should back blows be given on a choking person?

Between the shoulder blades. Signup and view all the answers

When giving back blows and abdominal thrusts to a small child, what might you need to do?

Kneel behind the child. Signup and view all the answers

In which situations might you need to give chest thrusts? (Select all that apply)

The person is pregnant Signup and view all the answers

Where should hands be placed when giving abdominal thrusts?

Just above the navel. Signup and view all the answers

Back blows, abdominal thrusts, and chest thrusts are all equally effective.

True Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a responsive choking person becomes unresponsive?

Give CPR (give compressions, look for the object, give breaths). Signup and view all the answers

Where should back blows be given on a choking infant?

Between the infant's shoulder blades. Signup and view all the answers

How deep should you press when giving chest thrusts to an infant?

About 1 ½ inches. Signup and view all the answers

Where should you give chest thrusts on a choking infant?

In the center of the infant's chest, just below the nipple line. Signup and view all the answers

When holding an infant to give back blows, it is a good idea to cover the infant's face.

False Signup and view all the answers

What CPR technique should be used for an unresponsive choking infant?

Encircling thumbs technique. Signup and view all the answers

Which finger should be used for a finger sweep if an object is seen in the infant's mouth?

Pinky finger. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses? (Select all that apply)

Anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

If a person is unresponsive and breathing, what is an appropriate position to use while you wait for EMS?

Recovery position. Signup and view all the answers

You should always administer a person's medication.

False Signup and view all the answers

Does a 14-month-old child who vomited twice in one day need immediate consultation with a healthcare provider?

No, I don't need to consult the healthcare provider immediately. Signup and view all the answers

Should a 2-month-old infant with a fever of 100.8° F be consulted with a healthcare provider immediately?

Yes, I should consult the healthcare provider immediately. Signup and view all the answers

Is it necessary to consult a healthcare provider for a 3-year-old who has a fever of 101° F but is improving with medication?

No, I don't need to consult the healthcare provider immediately. Signup and view all the answers

Should a healthcare provider be consulted for an 11-month-old infant with diarrhea and blood in stool?

Yes, I should consult the healthcare provider immediately. Signup and view all the answers

What is likely if a person with life-threatening bleeding suddenly becomes very confused and appears pale?

This person is likely experiencing shock. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

First Aid Essentials

Wear latex-free disposable gloves when providing care to minimize infection risk.
The risk of catching a disease during first aid is considered low.
Wash hands for at least 20 seconds with soap and water to ensure cleanliness.

Emergency Recognition

Signs of an emergency may include an unresponsive person on the ground and visible bleeding.
Emergency indicators can also include noxious smells and someone clutching their throat.

Assessment Techniques

Use the S.A.M. acronym: Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, Medications/Medical Conditions.
Check for responsiveness using the shout-tap-shout method while assessing breathing and any life-threatening conditions.

CPR Guidelines

In cardiac arrest cases, call 9-1-1 immediately and obtain an AED and first aid kit.
High-quality CPR involves:
- Compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches in adults.
- Minimizing interruptions in compressions to under 10 seconds.
- Ensuring each breath lasts about 1 second, causing the chest to rise.

Care for Choking

Back blows and abdominal thrusts are critical techniques when responding to choking.
Administer abdominal thrusts just above the navel. Chest thrusts can be used for larger individuals or those in wheelchairs.
If choking, encourage a person to keep coughing if they are able to do so forcefully.

Pediatric Considerations

For infants, use the encircling thumbs technique during CPR with compressions about 1.5 inches deep.
When performing CPR on children, compress the chest to about 2 inches at the same compression rate as adults.

Shock and Anaphylaxis

Common symptoms of shock include confusion, grayish skin, and nausea.
In the case of anaphylaxis, administer epinephrine via an auto-injector after calling 9-1-1, and support the affected individual.

Medical Emergencies

A person's level of consciousness, moist and pale skin, and confusion can indicate shock.
Conditions leading to anaphylaxis may include insect stings and should be treated promptly.

Hemorrhaging and Life-Threatening Situations

Sudden changes in a person's condition, such as confusion in cases of heavy bleeding, require immediate professional assistance.
Do not self-administer more than one dose of quick-relief medications for asthma without medical consultation, but a second dose of epinephrine can be administered if necessary.

Conclusion

Understanding these first aid procedures and recognizing emergency signs can lead to swift and effective responses in critical situations.### Persistent Chest Pain
Persistent chest pain requires immediate medical evaluation to rule out serious conditions such as heart attack or pulmonary embolism.

Stroke Symptoms

Timely reporting of stroke symptoms is crucial; signs should be noted from when they first appeared.
Stroke signs include facial weakness, arm or grip weakness, and speech disturbances.

Naloxone Use

Naloxone is essential in reversing the effects of an opioid overdose, making it crucial for bystanders to assist when administering it.

Diabetic Emergencies

Before giving sugar orally to someone in a diabetic emergency, confirm the person is awake, can follow commands, and is able to chew and swallow.

Young Children and Fever

For infants or children with fever, consult a healthcare provider if:
- The infant is younger than 3 months with a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher.
- There are signs of a febrile seizure.
- Changes in behavior or activity accompany the fever.

Risks of Vomiting and Diarrhea

Vomiting and diarrhea in young children can lead to dehydration and shock, necessitating prompt medical attention.

Life-Threatening Bleeding

Life-threatening bleeding is characterized by:
- Blood spurting from a wound.
- Continuous blood flow pooling on the ground, indicating severity.

Tourniquet Application

A tourniquet should be placed on the forearm about 2 to 3 inches above a wound, positioned between the wound and the heart.

Bleeding Assessment Scenarios

Steady blood flow from a cut on a worker suggests life-threatening bleeding; immediate action is necessary.
A slow trickle of blood from a minor cut does not indicate life-threatening bleeding.

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Description

Test your knowledge of CPR and first aid with these flashcards. Cover essential protocols and precautions to take when providing care to an unresponsive person. Learn about important definitions and best practices for safety and effectiveness in emergency situations.