CPPS 308 Final Exam Review
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason to add CaCl2 last during a procedure?

  • It enhances the solubility of other compounds.
  • It improves the pH balance.
  • It is prone to precipitation. (correct)
  • It reduces the reaction time.

    • Which of the following elements is NOT a key aspect of preclinical testing?

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Market analysis (correct)

    • What does the therapeutic index indicate in drug evaluation?

  • The number of clinical trials required.
  • The number of regulatory agencies involved.
  • The overall time for drug approval.
  • The difference between toxic and effective doses. (correct)

    • Which regulatory agency is responsible for drug approval in the USA?

    <p>FDA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stage comes after preclinical testing in the drug evaluation process?

    <p>Clinical trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the PowerLab Data Acquisition System?

    <p>To acquire, store, and analyze biological data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of regulatory bodies during clinical trials?

    <p>They may conduct inspections and site visits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of a laboratory report includes the protocol followed during an experiment?

    <p>Materials and Methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pharmacokinetics, what does t1/2 refer to?

    <p>Time taken for half of the drug to be eliminated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In pharmacology, what does the term Emax refer to?

    <p>The maximum effect achieved by the drug.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for the introduction section of a lab report?

    <p>Historical background of the research topic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of pharmacodynamics in drug testing?

    <p>The drug's selective effects on the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is essential for converting analog signals to digital in data acquisition systems?

    <p>Signal digitization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is responsible for detecting biological signals in the PowerLab system?

    <p>A transducer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of writing should be avoided in the introduction of laboratory reports?

    <p>Copied text from resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the lab report states the purpose of the experiment?

    <p>AIM/Objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of DHEA in fetal development?

    <p>To produce estradiol and estriol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is essential for performing in vitro experiments?

    <p>Preserved and sectioned tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animal models are commonly used for experimentation in this field?

    <p>Mice and rats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of trophoblast stem cells in experimentation?

    <p>They provide insights into placental functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of experiment are explant cultures used?

    <p>To evaluate live tissue behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym HTR8-SVneo represent in the context of trophoblast cells?

    <p>Human Trophoblasts, 8th clone with viral immortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically the aim of forming a hypothesis in experimentation?

    <p>To collate questions and knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a limitation mentioned in assessing placental function?

    <p>Inaccessibility of human tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary functions of blood vessel endothelial cells?

    <p>Maintaining blood in a fluid state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mediators is classified as a vasodilator?

    <p>Nitric oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does endothelial dysfunction indicate?

    <p>Decreased relaxation of smooth muscle to agonist-induced relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a role of endothelial cells in blood coagulation?

    <p>Enhancing platelet aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does bradykinin have in vascular smooth muscle function?

    <p>It functions as a vasodilator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mediator is NOT a vasoconstrictor?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the activation of endothelial cells result in?

    <p>Influences on inflammation and cell proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition describes independent function between smooth muscle and endothelial cells?

    <p>Endothelial dysfunction without smooth muscle impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of trophoblasts during implantation?

    <p>To establish maternal-fetal contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which days of the menstrual cycle does uterine receptivity typically occur?

    <p>Days 20-24</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs approximately 5-9 days after fertilization?

    <p>Implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytotrophoblast cells?

    <p>To fuse and form the syncytiotrophoblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the decidua during pregnancy?

    <p>It is shed post-delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can lead to complications during the pre-implantation phase?

    <p>Insufficient hormonal preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the blastocyst during implantation?

    <p>It becomes encapsulated within the uterine wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the endometrium affected during trophoblastic invasion?

    <p>It is converted into decidua</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the lab involving isolated aortic rings?

    <p>To detect endothelial dysfunction due to hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is responsible for skeletal muscle contraction?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle is the frog rectus abdominis considered to be?

    <p>Voluntary skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameters will be obtained from the concentration response curves in the aortic rings?

    <p>Emax and EC50 values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls skeletal muscle activity?

    <p>The central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the nervous system carries signals from muscles back to the spinal cord?

    <p>Afferent pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials are used to create concentration response curves in the aortic rings?

    <p>Acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the frog rectus abdominis muscle significant in pharmacology?

    <p>It helps to describe dose-response curves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the spinal cord is involved with motor innervation?

    <p>Ventral horn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in the lab study?

    <p>To analyze smooth muscle relaxation independently of the endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CPPS 308 Final Exam Review

    • Exam Date: December 7, 2024
    • Exam Time: 7:00 PM - 10:00 PM
    • Exam Location: HLTH B450
    • Format: 90 multiple-choice questions, some calculations; includes fill-in-the-blank, some questions are from lab experiments.
    • Study Materials: Lectures, slides, and lab experiments
    • Time Allotment: Approximately 2 minutes per question
    • Question Breakdown:
      • 50 questions on Pharmacology (animal ethics, buffers, dilutions, experimental protocols, drug profiling, and CRC graphs, rat aorta, rat ileum, frog skeletal muscle)
      • 40 Physiology questions (reproduction, cardiovascular, hematology, respirometry, metabolism)
    • Important Note: There will be no neurophysiology questions on the final exam.
    • Materials Needed: Pencil, calculator, student ID or government-issued photo ID.
    • Additional Notes: Some questions will require calculations and may involve choosing the best answer for fill in the blank questions. Exam booklet and scantron will be provided.

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    CPPS 308 Final Notes PDF

    Description

    Prepare for the CPPS 308 final exam with this comprehensive review quiz. It covers key topics in Pharmacology and Physiology, including animal ethics, cardiovascular systems, drug profiling, and metabolic processes. Get ready with multiple-choice questions along with calculations and fill-in-the-blank queries to test your understanding.

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