CPE182 Lecture 7: Integrated Circuits Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of photolithography in the fabrication of integrated circuits?

  • To deposit a layer of photoresist on the wafer surface
  • To transfer mask patterns onto the wafer (correct)
  • To remove material from the wafer surface
  • To clean the wafer surface from impurities

Which of the following semiconductor materials is commonly used for the fabrication of integrated circuits?

  • Platinum
  • Silicon (correct)
  • Copper
  • Gold

What is the function of silicon dioxide layer in the preparation of silicon wafers for integrated circuits?

  • Serves as an insulating layer (correct)
  • Acts as a semiconductor material
  • Promotes etching process
  • Facilitates electron flow

In the process of etching in IC fabrication, what is the purpose of the photoresist layer?

<p>To act as a protective mask (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor influencing the selection of semiconductor materials for IC fabrication?

<p>Manufacturing constraints (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of annealing in IC fabrication?

<p>To activate dopants and improve electrical properties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to remove excess material and achieve a smooth, flat surface in IC fabrication?

<p>Chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ion implantation in IC fabrication?

<p>To activate dopants and improve electrical properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for building up circuitry and creating interconnections in IC fabrication?

<p>Photolithography and etching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After IC fabrication, what is the purpose of packaging the ICs?

<p>To protect the delicate semiconductor components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of doping and diffusion in the fabrication of integrated circuits?

<p>To add impurities to the semiconductor material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is lithography and patterning crucial in the production of integrated circuits?

<p>To create the intricate circuit patterns on the wafer surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In IC fabrication, what is the function of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP)?

<p>To remove excess material and achieve a smooth, flat surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is gallium nitride (GaN) considered as a potential semiconductor material for IC fabrication?

<p>Its ability to withstand high temperatures and power levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do capacitors and inductors play in the construction of integrated circuits?

<p>They store and release electrical energy in the circuit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of introducing impurities into specific regions of the wafer?

<p>To alter the electrical properties of the wafer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of CMP in IC fabrication?

<p>To planarize the wafer surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of depositing thin films of materials onto the wafer surface?

<p>To alter the electrical properties of the wafer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ICs after fabrication?

<p>They are packaged to protect the delicate semiconductor components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of annealing in IC fabrication?

<p>To activate dopants, repair crystal damage, and improve the electrical properties of the materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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