Semiconductor Devices Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of semiconductor devices?

  • To store large amounts of data
  • To produce mechanical energy
  • To control voltage or current for some desired result (correct)
  • To generate heat at high temperatures

Which of the following is an advantage of semiconductors?

  • Small size and weight (correct)
  • High resistance to temperature changes
  • High power consumption at low voltages
  • Low efficiency

Which element is suitable for electronic applications among the pure semiconductor elements?

  • Germanium (correct)
  • Boron
  • Carbon
  • Silicon

What are the disadvantages of semiconductors?

<p>Great susceptibility to changes in temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is germanium, a pure semiconductor element suitable for electronic applications?

<p>Grayish-white (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was silicon discovered in 1886?

<p>False (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used semiconductor material?

<p>Silicon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year was silicon discovered?

<p>1823 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are active materials not stable?

<p>Because they possess incomplete valence shell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does covalent bonding in silicon atoms occur?

<p>By sharing valence electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the covalent bond in pure silicon crystals result in?

<p>Insulating properties at room temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the resistance of silicon crystals as the temperature increases?

<p>It decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do electrons in silicon crystals behave when heat energy is applied?

<p>They absorb the energy and move to a higher orbit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many valence electrons does a silicon atom have?

<p>8 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication of an atom's ability to gain or lose electrons?

<p>Valence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Semiconduction' refers to which material property?

<p>Electrical conductivity between insulators and conductors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using semiconductors in electronic equipment?

<p>To control voltage or current for some desired result (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main advantages of semiconductors over other materials?

<p>Instant operation when power is applied (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements are suitable for electronic applications as pure semiconductors?

<p>Germanium (Ge) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the disadvantages of semiconductors mentioned in the text?

<p>Extra components required for stabilization and easily damaged by excessive power limits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is germanium, a pure semiconductor element suitable for electronic applications?

<p>Brittle grayish-white (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of semiconductor materials according to the text?

<p>Characteristics that fall between those of insulators and conductors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process by which germanium dioxide is converted to pure germanium?

<p>Reduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used semiconductor material?

<p>Silicon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication of an atom’s ability to gain or lose electrons and determines its electrical and chemical properties?

<p>Valence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many valence electrons does a silicon atom have?

<p>8 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property makes active materials referred to as unstable?

<p>Need for additional electrons for stability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the resistance of pure silicon crystals as the temperature increases?

<p>It decreases by half for every 6 degrees Celsius rise in temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process occurs in pure silicon crystals when heat energy is applied?

<p>Some electrons absorb energy and move to a higher orbit, allowing the crystals to support current flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does covalent bonding in silicon atoms result in?

<p>Formation of stable crystals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Semiconduction' refers to which material property?

<p>'<strong>Negative</strong> temperature coefficient' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is chemically reduced to produce pure silicon?

<p>Silicon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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