cPanel and Web Hosting Definitions

cPanel and Web Hosting Definitions

• cPanel is a control panel used for managing Linux-based web hosting.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol for file transfers between a local computer and a web server.
• DNS (Domain Name System) maps domain names to IP addresses.
• TLD (Top-Level Domain) is the last part of a domain name (e.g., ".com").
• Port 2083 is the default secure login port for cPanel.
• Shared Hosting is where multiple websites share the same server.
• HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts data.
• A domain is a unique web address identifying a website.
• MySQL is a database management system used in cPanel.
• phpMyAdmin is a web-based tool for managing MySQL databases.
• An A Record is a DNS record that maps a domain name to an IP address.
• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is for sending emails.
• VPS (Virtual Private Server) Hosting provides dedicated resources on a virtualized server.
• An IP Address is a unique identifier for each device on a network.
• Resolution is the process of converting a domain name into an IP address.
• IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is an email protocol that stores messages on a server.
• POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is an email protocol that downloads and deletes emails from the server.
• Webmail is a web-based email interface in cPanel.
• Subdomains are a feature in cPanel for managing subdomains of a main domain.
• SPF (Sender Policy Framework) is a security feature verifying email senders to prevent spam.
• Backup is a cPanel feature for automatically saving website data.
• Dedicated Hosting is where an entire server is assigned to one website.
• public_html is the default directory where website files are stored in cPanel.
• Aliases allows multiple domain names to point to a single website.
• FTP Accounts is a cPanel feature for creating and managing FTP users.
• WHOIS is a service that retrieves domain registration details.
• Metrics is a cPanel tool for monitoring account resource usage.
• File Manager is a cPanel tool for managing website files without FTP.
• An MX Record is a DNS record that specifies the mail server for a domain.
• SSH (Secure Shell) is a secure method to connect to a remote server via a command-line interface.
• Email Accounts is a cPanel tool for creating and managing email addresses.
• Rebranding involves changing or modifying an existing brand identity
• Authentication is a system that verifies a user’s identity before granting access to a website or database.
• Errors is a cPanel panel where users can view website error logs.
• .htaccess is a configuration file used to define URL redirections and access rules on Apache web servers.
• A CNAME Record is a DNS record that creates an alias for another domain.
• Cron Jobs is a cPanel feature that allows scheduling the automatic execution of scripts.
• index.html is the default file that loads when a directory is accessed in a web browser.
• MultiPHP Manager is a cPanel tool for modifying PHP configuration settings.
• Visitors is a cPanel feature that tracks and logs website visitors.
• SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a security protocol that encrypts website data using digital certificates.
• Cloud Hosting dynamically allocates resources across multiple servers.
• mail is the directory where email files are stored in a cPanel account.
• IP Blocker is a cPanel security feature that blocks unauthorized login attempts by blacklisting IP addresses.
• A Web Server handles website requests and serves web pages to users.
• Managed Hosting is where the provider manages server maintenance and security.
• MySQL Databases is a cPanel tool for creating and managing MySQL users and databases.
• SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is a secure protocol for transferring files between a client and a server.
• IP Deny Manager is a cPanel feature that blocks access to a website for specific IP addresses.
• A Firewall protects websites from DDoS attacks and filters malicious traffic.
• Webmail Settings is a cPanel tool for managing web-based email client settings.

cPanel Main Functions

• cPanel operates on Linux-based operating systems.
• Databases store and retrieve website content.
• Password & Security changes cPanel login details.
• Cron Jobs automates tasks at scheduled times.
• Gzip reduces file sizes to improve website speed.
• MySQL Database Manager creates and manages MySQL databases.
• IP Blocker blocks specific IP addresses from accessing websites.
• ALL Privileges grants full control to a MySQL user.
• Email Accounts manages email accounts in cPanel.
• Subdomains creates separate website sections under a main domain.
• Zone Editor manages DNS records like A, CNAME, and MX.
• A Certificate Signing Request (CSR) is needed to get an SSL certificate.
• File Manager manages website files and their permissions.
• Backup Wizard creates and restores website backups.

Domain and DNS Management Details

• A domain is a unique name that identifies a website.
• A Top-Level Domain (TLD) is the ending of a domain name.
• A Second-Level Domain (SLD) is the part of the domain before the TLD.
• A subdomain is an extension of a domain.
• Aliases allows another domain to redirect to a main site
• A CNAME Record maps a domain name to another hostname.
• An A Record links a domain to a specific IP address.
• An MX Record directs emails to the correct mail server.
• Redirects sends visitors from one domain to another.

Email Management Features

• Email Accounts creates and manages email addresses.
• Forwarders sends emails from one address to another automatically.
• Autoresponders sends automatic replies to emails.
• SpamAssassin filters and reduces spam emails.
• Email Filters sorts or blocks emails based on rules.
• Encryption secures email messages for privacy.

File Management Tools

• File Manager manages website files and directories.
• Compress reduces file size by zipping them.
• ZIP Format is the most common compressed file format.
• Change Permissions modifies read, write, or execute access.
• Backup restores lost or deleted files.

Security and Optimization Techniques

• IP Blocker prevents access from unwanted IP addresses.
• SSL/TLS secures websites with HTTPS encryption.
• CSR (Certificate Signing Request) is needed to request an SSL certificate.
• .htaccess is a file used to force HTTPS redirects.
• Error Pages customizes messages for broken links or errors.

Database Management Information

• MySQL is the most used database in cPanel.
• phpMyAdmin is a graphical tool for managing databases.
• MySQL Database Wizard simplifies database creation and user setup.
• Database User allows controlled access to a database.
• CREATE Privilege lets a user create tables in a database.
• Remote MySQL allows external connections to MySQL databases.
• Backup Wizard/phpMyAdmin Export are methods to back up a database.
• PostgreSQL is another type of database supported by cPanel.
• MySQL Error Logs helps check for database errors.
• MySQL Database Repair Tool fixes corrupted MySQL databases.

Backup and Restoration Procedures

• Backup Wizard creates full backups.
• A Full Backup includes all files, emails, and databases.
• A Partial Backup restores only specific files or databases.
• phpMyAdmin Upload/Backup Wizard restores database backups.
• JetBackup/Backup Configuration automates scheduled backups.
• File Manager/Backup Wizard Download downloads backups for offline storage.
• Verify Backup Integrity ensures backups work before restoring.
• Test Website After Restoration checks if everything works properly.
• Corrupt Backups can cause restore failures or data loss.
• Cron Jobs/Third-Party Tools automates backups outside cPanel.

Website Performance Optimization

• LiteSpeed Cache/Gzip caches content for faster loading.
• Optimize Website Tool compresses files to improve speed.
• Gzip Compression reduces file sizes for faster page loading.
• Resource Usage Tool monitors CPU, memory, and bandwidth.
• Slow Websites on Shared Hosting are often caused by high resource usage.
• Performance Diagnosis uses logs and stats to find slow points.
• Slow Query Log identifies inefficient database queries.
• Resource Management optimizes scripts, enables caching, and uses a CDN.
• Cloudflare CDN improves website speed and security.

Security and Protection Measures

• Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) adds extra security to logins.
• Brute-Force Attack Protection uses strong passwords and 2FA.
• ModSecurity protects against website attacks.
• Directory Privacy password-protects folders.
• Imunify360/ClamAV detects and removes malware.
• IP Restrictions blocks access from unwanted locations.
• An SSL Certificate encrypts data for secure communication.
• Force HTTPS Redirect ensures all traffic is secured.
• A Web Application Firewall (WAF) blocks harmful traffic.
• SSL/TLS Status confirms if a site has an active SSL certificate.

Cron Jobs and Automation Details

• Cron Jobs automates tasks at set intervals.
• Supported Scripts runs PHP, Bash, and Python scripts.
• Cron Job Syntax defines when a cron job runs.
• Error Prevention uses correct file paths and permissions.
• Prevent Infinite Loops sets timeouts or limits execution.
• Cron Job Logs helps debug issues with scheduled tasks.
• Email Notifications sends execution reports via email.
• PHP Script Automation runs PHP scripts at scheduled times.

• /dev/null 2>&1 hides cron job output to prevent errors.

• Cron Job Issues can be caused by incorrect paths or permissions.