CP317 Software Engineering - Week 2-2 Requirements

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of domain analysis?

  • To design the user interface of the software product.
  • To gather information about the specific task the software will perform.
  • To collect data from users through interviews and surveys.
  • To gain a comprehensive understanding of the field or industry the software will be used in. (correct)

Which of the following techniques involves building a basic version of the software product to gain user feedback?

  • Prototyping (correct)
  • Domain analysis
  • Brainstorming
  • Task analysis

What is a key benefit of using domain analysis in software development?

  • It simplifies the process of conducting interviews and surveys.
  • It eliminates the need for task analysis.
  • It helps to develop a more complex user interface.
  • It allows for better anticipation of future software enhancements and expansions. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a typical technique used in communications during requirements elicitation?

<p>Prototyping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four key steps in the requirements elicitation process?

<p>Discovery, Classification and Organization, Prioritization and Negotiation, Specification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement elicitation technique mentioned in the content?

<p>Prototyping (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the goal of task analysis in software development?

<p>To analyze the user's workflow and identify key tasks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which requirements elicitation technique involves a group discussion with stakeholders to generate ideas?

<p>Brainstorming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which requirement category is used to specify the technical aspects of a system, such as performance and security?

<p>System Requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym 'FURPS' stand for in the context of requirement categorization?

<p>Functional, Usability, Reliability, Performance, Security (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of observation in requirements elicitation?

<p>To analyze the existing systems and processes within a client's organization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is typically employed for requirement prioritization?

<p>MOSCOW (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three primary types of software that are often involved in domain analysis?

<p>Embedded, middleware, and application software (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a requirements specification document?

<p>To clearly and precisely describe each essential requirement of the software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the purpose of requirement discovery?

<p>To understand customer needs, blueprint solutions, and gather detailed requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason why requirements are important in software development?

<p>To facilitate the hiring of developers with specific skills (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Osborn's rules focuses on generating a large number of ideas?

<p>Focus on quantity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the purpose of requirement specification in software development?

<p>To identify and document the software's needs and functionalities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of software requirement decomposition?

<p>To break down complex software requirements into smaller, manageable units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Unified Modeling Language (UML) in software development?

<p>To create visual representations of software systems and their components (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between requirement validation and requirement verification?

<p>Validation checks if the requirements are correct, while verification checks if the software meets the requirements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Osborn's rules suggests that criticism of ideas should be avoided during the initial brainstorming phase?

<p>Withhold criticism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the primary benefit of combining and improving ideas during brainstorming?

<p>It leads to more innovative and effective solutions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of requirement specification as described in the content?

<p>Ensuring the software is aesthetically pleasing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communications Techniques

Methods like interviews, surveys, and questionnaires used to gather information.

Task Analysis

Examining how tasks are performed to inform system design.

Domain Analysis

Process of gathering background information about a specific field.

Brainstorming

Group discussions aimed at generating ideas and solutions.

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Prototyping

Creating preliminary models of a product to visualize features.

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Observation

Experts watch clients' operations to understand existing systems.

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Importance of Domain Analysis

Helps in gaining information and making informed decisions about systems.

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Benefits of Task Analysis

Involves detailed descriptions of tasks and necessary conditions for system design.

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Requirements Elicitation

The process of working with customers to gather detailed needs and specifications for a project.

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Good Requirements Characteristics

Requirements should be understandable, correct, unambiguous, complete, consistent, verifiable, and prioritized.

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FURPS

An acronym for Functional, Usability, Reliability, Performance, and Supportability requirements.

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MoSCOW Method

A prioritization technique categorizing requirements as Must have, Should have, Could have, and Won't have.

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Requirement Specification

A document that details essential requirements, including functions, interfaces, design constraints, and qualities of software.

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Requirement Discovery

The process of understanding customer needs and detailing the necessary requirements for the proposed solution.

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Functional vs Non-functional Requirements

Functional requirements specify what the system should do, while non-functional defines how the system performs tasks.

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Requirements Validation and Verification

The processes of ensuring requirements meet needs and checking they are correctly implemented in the project.

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Osborn’s Rules of Brainstorming

Four guidelines for effective brainstorming: focus on quantity, withhold criticism, encourage unusual ideas, combine and improve ideas.

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Focus on Quantity

A rule in brainstorming to generate lots of ideas to enhance creativity.

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Withhold Criticism

A rule in brainstorming that encourages participants not to critique ideas during generation phase.

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Encourage Unusual Ideas

A brainstorming rule promoting creative, out-of-the-box thinking to discover unique solutions.

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Combine and Improve Ideas

A strategy to create new concepts by merging existing ideas during brainstorming.

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Requirement Validation

The process of ensuring that the requirements accurately describe the desired outcome.

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Requirement Verification

The process of verifying that the software meets specified requirements.

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Unified Modeling Language (UML)

A visual language for specifying and visualizing software structures and behaviors, particularly in complex systems.

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Study Notes

CP317 Software Engineering - Week 2-2 Requirement Gathering

  • Agenda: Review of week 2-1, gathering requirements, requirement elicitation techniques (task analysis, domain analysis, brainstorming), requirement specification, recording requirements (documentation, UML), requirement validation and verification, summary
  • Review Week 2-1:
    • Importance of requirements:
      • Understandable, correct, unambiguous, complete, consistent, interoperable, verifiable, traceable, prioritized, achievable
    • Requirement prioritization (MOSCOW method)
    • Requirement categorization (Business/user/system, Functional, Non-functional, FURPS and FURPS+ methods)
    • Differences between requirement prioritization and categorization
  • 2020 Findings (Capella University):
    • Common IT project failure causes
    • Requirements definition is the most frequently cited cause (33%).
  • Gathering Requirements:
    • Elicitation process, including discovery, classification/organization, prioritization/negotiation, and specification
  • Requirements elicitation techniques:
    • Communication (interviews, surveys, questionnaires)
    • Task analysis
    • Domain analysis
    • Brainstorming (Alex F. Osborn's four rules: focus on quantity, withhold criticism, encourage unusual ideas, combine and improve ideas)
    • Prototyping
    • Observation
    • Task analysis questions (Who uses the system? What tasks are performed? What tasks are desired? How are the tasks learned? Where are the tasks performed? What's the relationship between user & data?)
  • Domain analysis:
    • Definition: Process where a software engineer learns background information about a business or technology domain to solve problems and make good decisions
  • Requirement specification:
    • A document which defines requirements, allowing decision-making, high-quality software design, and builds.
    • Decomposition means breaking down requirements from system context level into functions and data entities.
  • Recording requirements (UML):
    • Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a visual language for specifying and visualizing complex software, not programming.
    • UML diagrams are ways to portray behaviors and structures of software and database designs.
  • Requirement Validation and Verification:
    • Validation: ensures requirements say the right things (making sure)
    • Verification: checks that the software product actually satisfies the requirements (checking).
    • Verification vs Validation (table with explanations).
  • Summary and Announcement:
    • Group project forming by end of January.

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