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Questions and Answers
What was the relative impact of COVID-19 vaccination in terms of life-years saved compared to measles vaccination?
What was the relative impact of COVID-19 vaccination in terms of life-years saved compared to measles vaccination?
COVID-19 vaccination had a greater impact on the young population compared to the elderly during the period 2020-2024.
COVID-19 vaccination had a greater impact on the young population compared to the elderly during the period 2020-2024.
False
Which two vaccines saved more lives than COVID-19 vaccinations during the period of 2020-2024?
Which two vaccines saved more lives than COVID-19 vaccinations during the period of 2020-2024?
Measles and hepatitis B
Vaccination benefits may be limited to the _____ portion of the global population.
Vaccination benefits may be limited to the _____ portion of the global population.
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Match the following vaccines with their comparative impact on life-years saved:
Match the following vaccines with their comparative impact on life-years saved:
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What was the assumed vaccine effectiveness (VE) during the pre-Omicron period?
What was the assumed vaccine effectiveness (VE) during the pre-Omicron period?
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Vaccine effectiveness remained constant during the Omicron period at 50%.
Vaccine effectiveness remained constant during the Omicron period at 50%.
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What range of values was considered for vaccine effectiveness during the pre-Omicron period in sensitivity analyses?
What range of values was considered for vaccine effectiveness during the pre-Omicron period in sensitivity analyses?
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Life expectancy for individuals aged 70 years and above was assumed to be based on a midpoint of age brackets, with age _____ specifically considered.
Life expectancy for individuals aged 70 years and above was assumed to be based on a midpoint of age brackets, with age _____ specifically considered.
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What factor (f) value was considered for all strata in the main analysis?
What factor (f) value was considered for all strata in the main analysis?
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Match the following groups with their assumed life expectancy:
Match the following groups with their assumed life expectancy:
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Individuals who were vaccinated after prior infection have a higher risk of re-infection.
Individuals who were vaccinated after prior infection have a higher risk of re-infection.
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What is the assumed re-infection risk for people vaccinated after at least one infection?
What is the assumed re-infection risk for people vaccinated after at least one infection?
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What was one significant factor contributing to the unequal benefits of vaccination globally?
What was one significant factor contributing to the unequal benefits of vaccination globally?
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Most high-income countries had high proportions of their populations infected before vaccination began.
Most high-income countries had high proportions of their populations infected before vaccination began.
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How many lives could have potentially been saved through universal vaccination against Omicron in low-income countries?
How many lives could have potentially been saved through universal vaccination against Omicron in low-income countries?
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The major reasons for the erosion of potential benefits from vaccination include inequity, inefficient vaccination campaigns, and vaccine __________.
The major reasons for the erosion of potential benefits from vaccination include inequity, inefficient vaccination campaigns, and vaccine __________.
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Match the vaccination-related issues with their descriptions:
Match the vaccination-related issues with their descriptions:
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Which group primarily experienced the lack of benefits from COVID-19 vaccinations?
Which group primarily experienced the lack of benefits from COVID-19 vaccinations?
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The most cited study showed that vaccination averted around 14.4 million COVID-19 deaths within the first year.
The most cited study showed that vaccination averted around 14.4 million COVID-19 deaths within the first year.
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What was indicated by the results suggesting a lower number of deaths averted by vaccination during the pre-Omicron period?
What was indicated by the results suggesting a lower number of deaths averted by vaccination during the pre-Omicron period?
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Study Notes
Global Estimates of Lives and Life-Years Saved by COVID-19 Vaccination
- The study estimated lives and life-years saved by COVID-19 vaccination globally from 2020-2024.
- 2.533 million deaths averted globally
- 82% of deaths averted were among people vaccinated before any infection
- 57% of deaths averted occurred during the Omicron period
- 90% of averted deaths were in people 60 years and older
- Sensitivity analyses suggest a range of 1.4 to 4.0 million lives saved.
- 14.8 million life-years saved (7.4-23.6 million range)
- Most life-years saved (76%) were in people over 60 years old
- Children and adolescents contributed negligibly to the total benefit
- Young adults (20-29 years old) also had very small contributions (~0.07% of lives saved and 0.3% of life-years saved).
- The benefit of vaccination was mostly secured for the elderly.
Methods
- The study considered strata based on age and long-term care residence status.
- Pre-Omicron and Omicron periods were separated.
- Vaccination before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection was also considered.
- Infection fatality rate (IFR) varied across different strata, which was considered in calculations.
Introduction
- COVID-19 vaccine implementation is a major public health success.
- Previous efforts to estimate lives saved either only considered the pre-Omicron period or were region specific.
- This study aimed to calculate lives and life-years saved globally from the onset of vaccine campaigns until October 2024.
Results
- Table 1 shows characteristics of different strata: age, and location.
- Table 2 details lives saved by vaccination period and infection status prior to vaccination.
- Table 3 shows values ranging between 1.4 and 4 million lives saved in sensitivity analyses.
- Table 4 estimates life-years saved by age group, considering factors such as life expectancy.
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Description
This study provides global estimates of lives and life-years saved by COVID-19 vaccination from 2020 to 2024. It highlights significant impacts particularly among older populations, illustrating the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing deaths during the pandemic. Key findings include millions of lives averted and the majority of benefits observed in elderly individuals.
