Covalent and Metallic Bonding Basics
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Questions and Answers

Covalent bonds form when two non-metal atoms share ______ electrons

valence

Covalent bonds are strong and require a lot of ______ to break them

energy

Substances with covalent bonds often form molecules with low ______ and boiling points

melting

Atoms may form multiple covalent bonds; they are not restricted to sharing electrons with only one other ______ but two or more

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The number of covalent bonds is equal to eight minus the ______ number

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Study Notes

Covalent Bonding

  • Covalent bonds form when two non-metal atoms share electrons, specifically the valence electrons.
  • Covalent bonds are strong and require a significant amount of energy to break.
  • Substances with covalent bonds often have low melting and boiling points, such as hydrogen and water.
  • Within molecules, covalent bonds are strong, but intermolecular forces between molecules are weak.
  • A small amount of heat energy is required to separate molecules from one another.
  • Atoms can form multiple covalent bonds with two or more atoms, not limited to just one.
  • Atoms of different elements can form one, two, three, or four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Key Fact

  • The number of covalent bonds an atom can form is equal to eight minus the group number of the element.

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Description

Understand the formation and characteristics of covalent bonds, including the role of valence electrons and the properties of molecules with covalent bonds.

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