92 Questions
What type of atoms participate in covalent bonding?
Non-metal atoms
What is the main purpose of covalent bonding in atoms?
To fill their outer energy shells
What is the attractive force that holds atoms together in a covalent bond?
Electrostatic attraction
What is the definition of covalent bonding?
A form of chemical bonding where pairs of electrons are shared between atoms
How many electrons are shared in a single covalent bond?
Two
What type of covalent bond is formed when six electrons are shared between two atoms?
Triple bond
How many electron pairs are shared in a double covalent bond?
Two
What is an example of a molecule with a triple covalent bond?
Nitrogen molecule (N₂)
What is the valency of an element in group 1 of the periodic table?
1
What type of bond is formed between hydrogen and chlorine atoms in hydrogen chloride?
Covalent bond
What is the number of valence electrons in an oxygen atom?
6
What type of bond is formed between carbon and oxygen atoms in carbon dioxide?
Double covalent bond
Why do covalent compounds have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds?
Weaker intermolecular forces
What is a characteristic of covalent compounds that makes them flexible?
Weak intermolecular forces
Why are covalent compounds generally not very soluble in water?
Non-polar molecules
What is the valency of an element in group 13 of the periodic table?
13 - 10
How many pairs of electrons are shared between two nitrogen atoms in a nitrogen molecule?
3
What is the characteristic of graphite that makes it slippery?
Flexibility
What is the primary reason why covalent bonds form between atoms?
To achieve a more stable configuration
In a covalent bond, what is the role of the shared electrons?
They move in the orbitals around both atoms, creating an attractive force
What is the difference between a single covalent bond and a double covalent bond?
The number of electron pairs shared between the atoms
Which of the following molecules has a single covalent bond?
Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
What is the characteristic of a triple covalent bond?
It is formed when six electrons are shared between two atoms
What is a common feature of covalent bonds in molecules?
The electrons are shared between the atoms to achieve a stable configuration
What is the result of the overlapping of outermost orbitals in covalent bonding?
The sharing of electrons between the atoms
Which of the following statements is true about covalent bonds?
Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms
What is the valency of an element in group 2 of the periodic table?
The group number
What is the characteristic of covalent compounds that makes them more flexible than ionic compounds?
The ability of their molecules to move around
What is the reason for the low solubility of covalent compounds in water?
The non-polar nature of their molecules
How many valence electrons does a carbon atom have?
Four
What is the type of bond formed between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom in a carbon dioxide molecule?
Double covalent bond
What is the valency of an element in group 17 of the periodic table?
The group number minus 10
What is the characteristic of the chlorine atom in a hydrogen chloride molecule?
It has three pairs of non-bonding electrons
How many electrons are shared between the two iodine atoms in an iodine molecule?
One pair
What is the characteristic of the oxygen atom in a water molecule?
It has two pairs of non-bonding electrons
What is the type of bond formed between the two nitrogen atoms in a nitrogen molecule?
Triple covalent bond
What is the primary function of the shared electrons in a covalent bond?
To create an attractive force between the atoms and their nuclei
Which type of covalent bond involves the sharing of two pairs of electrons between atoms?
Double covalent bond
What is the result of the overlapping of outermost orbitals in covalent bonding?
The sharing of electrons between atoms
What is the characteristic of a covalent bond that enables atoms to achieve a more stable configuration?
The sharing of electrons between atoms
Which of the following molecules exhibits a single covalent bond?
Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
What is the difference between a single covalent bond and a double covalent bond?
The number of electron pairs shared between the atoms
What is the characteristic of a triple covalent bond that makes it strong?
The sharing of three electron pairs between the atoms
What is the common feature of covalent bonds in molecules?
The sharing of electrons between atoms
What is the valency of an element in group 18 of the periodic table?
The group number minus 10
What type of bond is formed between the hydrogen atom and the chlorine atom in a hydrogen chloride molecule?
Single covalent bond
What is the characteristic of covalent compounds that makes them more flexible than ionic compounds?
Weak intermolecular forces
What is the result of the sharing of electrons between two atoms in a covalent bond?
The formation of a molecule with a neutral charge
What is the valency of an element in group 1 of the periodic table, except for hydrogen?
The group number
What is the reason for the low solubility of covalent compounds in water?
The non-polar nature of covalent compounds
What is the characteristic of the carbon atom in a carbon dioxide molecule?
It shares two pairs of electrons with each oxygen atom
What is the characteristic of the oxygen atom in a water molecule?
It shares one pair of electrons with each hydrogen atom
What is the characteristic of the transition metals in terms of valency?
They have a varying valency
What is the characteristic of the iodine molecule in terms of covalent bonds?
It has a single covalent bond
What is the primary reason why atoms fill their outer energy shells in a covalent bond?
To achieve a more stable configuration
What is the result of the movement of shared electrons in a covalent bond?
The atoms are held together in a covalent bond
What is the characteristic of a double covalent bond that distinguishes it from a single covalent bond?
The number of electron pairs shared between the atoms is two
What is the result of the overlapping of outermost orbitals in covalent bonding?
The electron pairs are shared between the atoms
What is the characteristic of covalent bonds that enables atoms to achieve a more stable configuration?
The sharing of electrons between the atoms
What is the difference between a double covalent bond and a triple covalent bond?
The number of electron pairs shared is two more in a triple bond
What is the common feature of covalent bonds in molecules?
The sharing of electrons between the atoms
What is the characteristic of a triple covalent bond that makes it strong?
The sharing of three pairs of electrons between the atoms
What is the valency of an element in group 16 of the periodic table?
The group number minus 10
What is the characteristic of covalent bonds that makes them strong?
The electrons are shared equally between the atoms
What is the type of bond formed between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom in a carbon dioxide molecule?
Double covalent bond
What is the valency of transition metals?
Variable and indicated by a Roman numeral
What is the characteristic of covalent compounds that makes them flexible?
The weak intermolecular forces between the molecules
What is the type of bond formed between the two nitrogen atoms in a nitrogen molecule?
Triple covalent bond
What is the characteristic of graphite that makes it slippery?
The weak intermolecular forces between the layers
What is the valency of an element in group 15 of the periodic table?
The group number minus 10
What is the result of the overlapping of outermost orbitals in covalent bonding?
The formation of covalent bonds
What is the characteristic of covalent compounds that makes them less soluble in water?
The non-polar nature of the molecules
What is the minimum number of electron pairs required for an atom to achieve a stable configuration through covalent bonding?
Depends on the atom
Which of the following statements is true about the shared electrons in a covalent bond?
They create an attractive force between the nuclei
What is the primary reason why atoms form covalent bonds with other atoms?
To achieve a full outer energy shell
What is the characteristic of a covalent bond that enables it to be stronger than an ionic bond?
The sharing of electrons
Which of the following molecules exhibits a double covalent bond and a single covalent bond?
Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
What is the relationship between the valency of an element in groups 13 to 18 and its group number?
The valency is the group number minus 10.
What is the characteristic of covalent compounds that allows them to be more flexible than ionic compounds?
The ability of molecules to move around and slide over each other.
What is the number of valence electrons in a carbon atom?
4
What is the type of bond formed between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom in a carbon dioxide molecule?
Double covalent bond
What is the characteristic of the chlorine atom in a hydrogen chloride molecule?
It has three pairs of non-bonding electrons.
What is the primary purpose of electron sharing in covalent bonding?
To achieve a more stable electron configuration
What type of covalent bond is formed when two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms?
Double covalent bond
What is the result of the overlapping of outermost orbitals in covalent bonding?
The sharing of electrons between atoms
What is a characteristic of a covalent bond that holds atoms together?
An attractive force between the electrons and nuclei
What is the number of electrons shared in a triple covalent bond?
Six electrons
What is the valency of an element in group 1 of the periodic table, except for hydrogen?
1
What is the characteristic of covalent compounds that makes them more flexible than ionic compounds?
Weaker intermolecular forces
What is the type of bond formed between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom in a carbon dioxide molecule?
Double covalent bond
What is the valency of an element in group 13 of the periodic table?
The group number minus 10
What is the characteristic of graphite that makes it slippery?
The ability of layers to slide over each other
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