Test 2 Preparation : Lecture 5

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What is the typical number of sessions needed for bilateral treatment to induce a seizure?

11-15 sessions
6-10 sessions (correct)
3-5 sessions
16-20 sessions

What is the primary region of the brain targeted in Deep Brain Electrical Stimulation for treatment-resistant depression?

Basal ganglia
Subgenual cingulate region (correct)
Prefrontal cortex
Amygdala

What is the purpose of thought records in Cognitive Therapy for depression?

To track sleep patterns
To identify and challenge negative automatic thoughts (correct)
To monitor medication side effects
To monitor social interactions

What is a common side effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy?

Temporary short-term memory loss (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of individuals who recovered from treatment-resistant depression using Deep Brain Electrical Stimulation in the Rotman Research Institute study?

4 out of 6 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a cognitive error in thinking addressed in Cognitive Therapy?

Arbitrary inference (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of behavioural therapy for depressed individuals?

To increase contact with reinforcing events (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of behavioural activity scheduling as an intervention for depression?

Increasing engagement in pleasurable activities (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a manic episode in Bipolar I Disorder?

Increased activity in work, social, or sexual activities (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of onset for Bipolar I Disorder?

18 years (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifetime prevalence of Bipolar I Disorder?

4.4% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a difference in the presentation of Bipolar I Disorder between men and women?

Women have more depressive episodes and less manic episodes than men (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of onset for Bipolar II Disorder?

22 years (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifetime prevalence of Bipolar II Disorder?

4.4% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of cases that progress to full Bipolar I Disorder?

10 to 13% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of onset for Cyclothymic Disorder?

12 to 14 years (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of developing Bipolar I or II Disorder for individuals with Cyclothymic Disorder?

33% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the response rate for Lithium (carbonate) as a treatment for Bipolar Disorder?

80% response rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of high stress during pregnancy on infant development?

Lower cognitive ability at 2 years and more behavioural problems at 4 years (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is similar between the biochemical profile of newborns and their mothers?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of tricyclics?

Heart attack (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for individuals taking MAO inhibitors?

Avoiding foods with tyramine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of SSRIs?

Insomnia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of biological treatment for depression?

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a Major Depressive Episode?

An extremely depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, lasting at least 2 weeks (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate lifetime prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder?

7% based on American studies (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of onset for Major Depressive Disorder?

25 years (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a person experiencing both Persistent Depressive Disorder and intermittent Major Depressive Episodes?

Double Depression (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Persistent Depressive Disorder?

A persistently depressed mood that continues for at least 2 years (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the median duration of Persistent Depressive Disorder in adults?

5 years (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a depression that occurs within the first few weeks after childbirth?

Postpartum Depression (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a predictor of Postpartum Depression?