Course 1 Chapter 1 - Ratios and Rates

Definitions and Concepts

• Coordinate Plane: A two-dimensional plane formed by the intersection of a horizontal (x-axis) and vertical (y-axis) number line at their zero points.

• Equivalent Ratio: Ratios that represent the same relationship between two quantities, allowing different numerical expressions to convey the same proportion.

• Graph: The action of plotting a point at a specific location defined by an ordered pair on the coordinate plane.

• Greatest Common Factor (GCF): The largest factor shared by two or more numbers, simplifying common ratios.

• Least Common Multiple (LCM): The smallest whole number greater than zero that is a common multiple among two or more numbers.

• Ordered Pair: A set of two numbers used to define a specific location on the coordinate plane, typically formatted as (x-coordinate, y-coordinate).

• Origin: The point where the x-axis and y-axis intersect, designated as (0, 0) on the coordinate plane.

• Prime Factorization: A method of breaking down a composite number into a product of its prime factors, ensuring every factor is prime.

• Rate: A specialized ratio comparing two quantities of different units, such as speed (miles per hour).

• Ratio: A comparison of two quantities through division, expressed in several formats including fractions, decimals, or fraction-like structures (e.g., 2:3, 2/3).

• Ratio Table: A structured table consisting of rows and columns representing pairings of numbers that maintain the same ratio throughout.

• Scaling: The process of increasing or decreasing two related quantities by the same factor, preserving the original ratio.

• Unit Price: The cost associated with a single unit of measurement, helpful for comparing costs in various contexts.

• Unit Rate: A streamlined version of a rate where the second quantity is reduced to one unit, facilitating easy comparison (e.g., miles per hour as 60 mph).

• X-Axis: The horizontal line on the coordinate plane, usually representing the independent variable in a graph.

• X-Coordinate: The first number in an ordered pair that indicates the horizontal position of a point on the coordinate plane.

• Y-Axis: The vertical line in the coordinate plane, typically used to represent the dependent variable in a graph.

• Y-Coordinate: The second number in an ordered pair that indicates the vertical position of a point on the coordinate plane.