Counselling Fundamentals

Counselling Definition

• Counselling is the process of assisting and guiding clients, especially by a trained professional.
• It aims to resolve personal, social, and psychological problems and difficulties.

Types of Counselling

• Preventive counselling
• Crisis counselling
• Problem-solving counselling
• Decision-making counselling

Counselling Process

• Listening and discussion
• Talking and negotiation
• Explaining and education

Counselling Principles

• Treat each client well
• Interact actively with clients
• Provide information
• Use memory aids
• Personalize information
• Help the client remember instructions
• Provide services that meet client expectations

Elements of Effective Counselling (GATHER)

• Greet the client with full attention
• Be polite, friendly, and respectful
• Introduce yourself
• Ask how you can help
• Explain what will happen during the visit
• Conduct counselling privately

Asking Clients About Themselves

• Reason for coming
• Experiences with health matters that concern them
• Information needed for client records
• Ask about their personal circumstances

Informing Clients About their Condition or Choices

• Explain how well birth control methods work, such as IUDs, implants, pills, rings, patch.
• Detail potential side effects and what to do if they occur.
• Offer printed materials.

Helping Clients Understand

• Help clients consider the results of each possible choice.
• Rephrase information as needed
• Clarify any misunderstandings.
• Keep the questions and answers open, simple and brief.
• Listen actively and show interest and understanding.

Explaining What to Do

• Provide necessary supplies if applicable.
• Explain when and how services can be provided if not immediately available.
• Describe possible side effects and appropriate action if they occur.
• Request the client to repeat instructions.
• Offer printed materials if possible.

Explaining When to Come Back

• Arrange for additional supplies.
• Address any complications or side effects.
• Schedule routine follow-up appointments.
• Establish a system for return visits at the client's convenience.

Return Visits and Follow-up

• Check if the client correctly uses the prescribed treatment (TTT).
• Listen to any questions or concerns.
• Check if the client is satisfied and if any problems have occurred.
• Help the client address any issues.
• Ask if any issues have arisen since the last visit.
• Refer the client to a specialist if required.

Useful Messages for Providers

• Be kind and considerate
• Focus on the client
• Provide information in manageable segments
• Provide relevant health education materials