Cost Efficient Construction Overview
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Questions and Answers

How does planning to reduce circulation space benefit the usability of a home?

It maximizes usable area and minimizes wasted space.

What relationship does order size have with construction costs?

Larger orders tend to lower the cost per square meter for construction.

What should be taken into account for adequate planning and design in construction projects?

Sufficient time and accurate information are essential for detailed planning.

What is one example of how high-rise buildings can be designed efficiently?

<p>Lower story columns can have a higher load-carrying capacity and may not need larger sections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is clear documentation critical during the design phase of construction?

<p>It avoids ambiguities during the actual construction phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of adopting an optimum shape for isolated footings?

<p>It reduces the volume of concrete needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a combined footing typically used in construction?

<p>When there is limited space, making individual footings impractical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of combined footings based on shape?

<p>Rectangular combined footing and trapezoidal combined footing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a trapezoidal combined footing benefit construction?

<p>It requires lesser volume of concrete and reinforcement steel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What construction approach can reduce overall costs by utilizing simple structural elements?

<p>Repetition of simple structural elements throughout the project.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are amenity areas like kitchens and bathrooms more expensive to fit out?

<p>Due to the intensive use of fixtures, fittings, and treatment materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the accuracy of construction documents impact project costs?

<p>Inaccurate documents can lead to tendering errors and design changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using simple geometry in building design?

<p>It minimizes external wall length while maximizing area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four stages of building construction?

<p>The four stages are conceptual stages, preliminary design stages, final design, and execution/construction stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can cost minimization be achieved during building construction?

<p>Cost minimization can be achieved through close consideration at all stages of construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of coordination among professionals in construction?

<p>Coordination among professionals is crucial for ensuring that all aspects of the project are aligned and function together effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe an example of cost-effectiveness related to material quantity modulation.

<p>Using the upper part of a mat foundation as a ground floor element can save the cost of constructing a separate ground floor slab.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do detailed planning and documentation play in construction?

<p>Detailed planning and documentation are essential to streamline processes and mitigate errors during construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does wastage minimization relate to the construction stage?

<p>Wastage minimization during the construction stage helps reduce costs and promotes efficient use of resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of professionals involved in construction projects?

<p>Examples include architects, structural engineers, sanitary engineers, and electrical engineers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is integrated planning important in cost-efficient construction?

<p>Integrated planning is important because it coordinates various elements and stages to achieve overall cost-effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cost Efficient Construction

  • Four stages of building construction are conceptual, preliminary design, final design, and execution/construction.
  • Conceptual stage is when the project begins with the client's vision, research for proper location, and specifications/standards to follow.
  • Preliminary design includes design, pre-construction, and procurement stages.
  • Cost minimization is achievable by careful consideration throughout all stages.
  • Stages for minimizing cost include Planning Stage (Integrated Planning, Detailed Planning, Documentation), Construction Stage (Material, Labor, Wastage Minimization, Building Systems), and Building Use Stage (Low electricity, Low water, Maintenance).
  • Coordination among professionals, including architects, structural engineers, sanitary engineers, electrical engineers, electro-mechanical engineers, and sociologists, is crucial at all stages.

Integrated Planning

  • Cost-effectiveness is achievable through modulating material quantity during preliminary and final design.
  • Example: Mat foundations' upper portions may serve as ground floors saving slab costs.
  • Isolated footings can reduce concrete volume with optimum shape.

Combined Footings

  • Used when space is limited, combining individual footings into one.
  • Classified into rectangular and trapezoidal types.
  • Trapezoidal types require fewer materials if geometrical and loading conditions allow.

Super Structure

  • Simplicity and repetition of structural elements can reduce overall design and set-out costs.
  • Kitchens, laundries, and bathrooms are more expensive due to intensive fixture use. Minimizing these areas can reduce costs.

Amalgamating Services

  • Locating bathrooms, kitchens, and laundry services together (e.g., adjacent or above) can decrease plumbing costs.
  • Accurate contract documents, including consultant documents, are crucial for accurate tendering and prevent design/contract variations.

Geometry and Planning

  • Simple geometry with minimal re-entrant angles reduces external wall length while maximizing area.
  • Simple roof geometry minimizes junctions and materials.
  • Planning efficient circulation space maximizes usable area and minimizes wasted space.

Economies of Scale

  • Larger construction projects typically have lower per-square-meter costs compared to smaller ones.

Detailed Planning

  • Adequate time and information are needed to thoroughly plan and design.
  • Concrete/steel quality needs benefit-cost analysis.
  • Reinforcement cuts (in beams and slabs) should be scheduled to minimize waste.
  • High-rise buildings' lower-story columns sometimes don't require substantial section increases due to differing load requirements.
  • Steel truss systems' members don't need to have the same cross-section, but proper orientation is important.

Documentation

  • Thorough design documents are essential to prevent ambiguities during construction.
  • Drawings with details, technical specifications, bills of quantities, work schedules, contract documents, guiding lines/manuals, and models are crucial design outputs.

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Chapter 3: Planning and Low cost Design PDF

Description

This quiz covers the key stages of building construction and strategies for cost minimization. It highlights the importance of integrated planning and professional coordination throughout the construction process. Test your understanding of effective construction management and cost-saving techniques.

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