Cost and Management Accounting
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary focus of cost accounting?

  • Providing information for strategic decision-making and long-term planning.
  • Analyzing variances between actual and budgeted performance to improve efficiency.
  • Determining the cost of products or services accurately for inventory valuation and cost control. (correct)
  • Creating financial plans and budgets for the future operations of an organization.

Management accounting is primarily used for which of the following?

  • Determining the cost of goods sold for tax purposes.
  • Providing information for internal decision-making, planning, and performance evaluation. (correct)
  • Ensuring compliance with accounting standards and regulations.
  • Preparing financial statements for external stakeholders.

How does activity-based costing (ABC) differ from traditional costing methods?

  • ABC is only suitable for service industries, while traditional methods are used in manufacturing.
  • ABC allocates overhead costs based on a single plant-wide rate, while traditional methods assign costs to activities first.
  • ABC is used for homogeneous products, while traditional methods are used for unique products.
  • ABC assigns costs to activities and then allocates costs to products or services based on their consumption of activities, while traditional methods may use simpler allocation bases. (correct)

Which of the following cost behavior patterns describes costs that remain constant in total regardless of changes in activity level within a relevant range?

<p>Fixed costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of variance analysis in cost and management accounting?

<p>To compare actual results to budgeted or standard amounts and identify areas of concern or improvement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a non-financial key performance indicator (KPI)?

<p>Customer satisfaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis, what does the break-even point represent?

<p>The level of sales at which total revenues equal total costs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following costs is considered irrelevant when making a short-term special order decision?

<p>Sunk costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Target costing primarily involves:

<p>Setting a target cost for a product or service based on market prices and desired profit margin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Responsibility accounting assigns responsibility for costs and revenues to:

<p>Specific individuals or departments within an organization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Lean accounting?

<p>Eliminating waste and improving efficiency in the accounting process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of responsibility center is evaluated based on its ability to control costs?

<p>Cost center (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these represent what should be done in the presence of a conflict of interest?

<p>Disclose the conflict of interest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When deciding whether to accept a special order, which of the following factors should be considered?

<p>The order's impact on existing sales and customer relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is deciding whether to make a component internally or buy it from an external supplier. Which of the following costs is most relevant to this make-or-buy decision?

<p>Direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead costs of making the component internally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cost Accounting

Measuring, recording, and reporting costs. Helps determine product/service costs.

Management Accounting

Provides broad financial and non-financial info for internal decision-making (planning, control, etc.)

Job Costing

Tracking costs for unique products/services made to order.

Process Costing

Averaging costs over large numbers of identical units.

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Activity-Based Costing (ABC)

Assigns costs to activities, then allocates those costs to products based on activity consumption.

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Fixed Costs

Costs that remain constant regardless of activity level (within a relevant range).

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Variable Costs

Costs that change directly with activity level.

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Budgeting

Creating a financial plan for the future, used for planning, coordination, and control.

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Variance Analysis

Comparing actual results to budgeted amounts to identify differences.

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Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Measures used to evaluate performance against strategic goals (financial and non-financial).

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Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis

Examines relationships between costs, volume, and profit to find the break-even point.

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Opportunity Cost

The potential benefit lost by choosing one alternative over another.

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Make-or-Buy Decisions

Deciding whether to produce a product/service internally or buy it from an external supplier.

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Target costing

Setting a target cost based on market prices and desired profit margin.

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Responsibility Accounting

Assigning responsibility for costs/revenues to individuals/departments.

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Study Notes

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Description

Cost and management accounting provide information for internal use by managers in planning, decision-making, and controlling activities. Cost accounting measures, records, and reports product, process, and service costs. Management accounting provides a broader scope of information to managers for decision-making.

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