Questions and Answers
What is bacteriology?
The study of bacteria.
What are bacterial cells that are harmless to humans called?
Non pathogenic bacteria.
What type of diseases are the common cold, hepatitis, and measles an example of?
Communicable diseases.
What are the most common forms of bacterial cells?
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Which type of bacterial cell is spiral-shaped and can cause highly contagious diseases?
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Which bacterial cells are pus-forming, grape-like clusters present in abscesses?
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What are the sources that allow bacteria and viruses to enter the body?
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Which diseases are caused by viruses?
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In which ways can HIV be transferred?
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What are organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from other organisms known as?
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A person who carries disease-producing bacteria with no recognizable symptoms is what?
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What is developed through the injection of antigens that stimulate the body's immune system?
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Where can the information about what the product is effective in fighting against be found?
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What are the three levels of infection control?
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What products are used to prevent the growth of microbes on the skin?
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Which term describes when all microbes are killed or destroyed?
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What is the term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of disease and kill certain or all microbes?
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What is sanitation?
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What soap should salon professionals avoid using because it can harbor and transmit microbes?
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Key information on a specific product regarding ingredients, associated hazards, combustion levels, and storage requirements can be found on what?
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What is the regulating agency under the Department of Labor that enforces safety and health standards in the workplace?
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Which agency approves the efficacy of products used for infection control?
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What are disinfectants that kill bacteria, viruses, fungi, and pseudomonas?
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What are the only type of surfaces that disinfection can be practiced on?
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Why should disinfecting solutions be stored in a cool dry area?
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What is recommended for a person who has an electrical or heat burn, but the skin is not broken?
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What step should be taken for flushing the eyes if chemicals should get into them?
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What is the suggested average room temperature for a salon?
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What type of process is disinfection?
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What is used during sterilization?
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Can antiseptics be toxic to skin?
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Can disinfectants be toxic to skin?
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What are the four product requirements necessary for use in a salon?
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What does the EPA require proof of before issuing a number?
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What is the first or lowest level of infection control?
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What is the 2nd or medium level of infection control?
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What is the third or highest level of infection control?
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What is the term that means the same thing as germ or bacteria?
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What are nonpathogenic bacteria cells that live on dead matter known as?
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What are bacterial cells that may be harmful to the body called?
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What are pathogenic bacteria responsible for?
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What are spherical-shaped bacterial cells known as?
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What are pus forming bacterial cells that form in long chains and cause blood poisoning?
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What are rod-shaped bacterial cells known as?
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What bacteria, when viewed through a microscope, would appear to be coiled and corkscrew-shaped?
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What type of bacteria causes Lyme disease?
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As bacteria absorb food, each cell grows in size and divides, resulting in how many new cells?
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What is the relationship with bacteria and disinfectants when bacteria are in the spore forming stage?
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What are hair-like projections used by some bacteria to propel themselves called?
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What is the common cold caused by?
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What is a highly infectious disease that infects the liver?
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What does HBV cause the immune system to do?
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What are three examples of contagions?
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What do general infections affect?
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What is the ability to destroy infectious agents that enter the body called?
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What is given to a product, along with the approval of efficacy claims on the label, to ensure the product is safe and effective?
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If a surface is free from dirt, oil, and/or microbes, what has been done?
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What service normally requires the use of sterilization procedures?
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Sterilization standards require the use of liquid sterilant and/or what?
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Study Notes
Bacteriology and Bacteria Types
- Bacteriology is the scientific study of bacteria.
- Non-pathogenic bacteria do not harm humans, whereas pathogenic bacteria can cause diseases.
- Common bacterial cell shapes include bacilli (rod-shaped), cocci (spherical), and spirilla (spiral-shaped).
- Bacilli are the most prevalent form of bacterial cells.
Diseases and Infection Spread
- Communicable diseases, like the common cold, hepatitis, and measles, can be transmitted from one person to another.
- Viruses cause diseases such as respiratory infections, chickenpox, mumps, and HIV.
- HIV can be transmitted through blood, sexual fluids, breast milk, and childbirth.
Infection Control and Treatment
- Infection control consists of sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization.
- Sanitation involves removing dirt to prevent microbial growth, while disinfection eliminates a broader spectrum of pathogens.
- Antiseptics are used to prevent microbial growth on skin, but disinfectants may be toxic to skin.
- Sterilization refers to the complete destruction of all microbes.
Regulatory Agencies and Safety Standards
- The EPA regulates and approves products used for infection control.
- OSHA is responsible for enforcing workplace safety and health standards.
- MSDS sheets provide critical information about product safety, ingredients, and hazards.
Bacterial Growth and Resistance
- Bacteria can divide into two new cells as they absorb nutrients.
- In the spore-forming stage, bacteria are resistant to disinfectants.
- External parasites depend on other organisms for nourishment, while saprophytes thrive on dead organic matter.
Infection Prevention Measures
- Routine practices for maintaining health include immersing burn areas in cool water and flushing eyes with lukewarm water if chemicals get in.
- The average salon temperature should be maintained at 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Bar soap should be avoided in salons as it can harbor and transmit microbes.
Key Terms Related to Infection Control
- An asymptomatic carrier shows no visible symptoms of an infectious disease but can still spread it.
- Passive immunity is developed when antigens stimulate the body's immune system, often through injections.
- Broad spectrum disinfectants kill various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and pseudomonas.
Key Examples of Bacteria and Their Effects
- Common pus-forming bacteria include staphylococci and streptococci, which can cause serious infections.
- Immunity refers to the ability of the body to resist infectious agents.
- General infections impact the entire body rather than localized areas.
Equipment and Procedures
- Sterilization procedures are particularly essential during electrolysis services.
- Effective cleaning exerts decontamination, which means surfaces are free from dirt and microbes.
- An EPA registration number signifies that a product is safe and effective for its intended use.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on salon ecology with this review of Chapter 2. The flashcards cover essential concepts such as bacteriology, non-pathogenic bacteria, and communicable diseases. Perfect for those studying cosmetology and wanting to reinforce their understanding of essential microbiological principles.
