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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of cortisol in regulating glucose metabolism?
What is the main function of cortisol in regulating glucose metabolism?
- Reducing blood glucose levels
- Suppressing glycogenesis in the liver
- Increasing glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue
- Promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis (correct)
Where is cortisol mainly produced in animals?
Where is cortisol mainly produced in animals?
- Zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex
- Zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex (correct)
- Adrenal medulla
- Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex
How does cortisol affect protein synthesis?
How does cortisol affect protein synthesis?
- Suppresses protein synthesis (correct)
- Increases protein synthesis
- Promotes breakdown of fats into fatty acids
- Has no effect on protein synthesis
Which receptors does cortisol bind to inside the cell to impact gene expression?
Which receptors does cortisol bind to inside the cell to impact gene expression?
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What is the other name for cortisol when used as a medication?
What is the other name for cortisol when used as a medication?
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Study Notes
Cortisol Functions
- Cortisol plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism by stimulating the release of glucose from stored glycogen, thereby increasing blood sugar levels.
- Cortisol is mainly produced in the adrenal cortex, the outer layer of the adrenal glands, in animals.
Cortisol's Impact on Protein Synthesis
- Cortisol inhibits protein synthesis by breaking down muscle protein to provide more glucose for energy, a process known as gluconeogenesis.
Cortisol's Mechanism of Action
- Cortisol binds to glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) inside the cell, which subsequently impact gene expression by regulating transcription.
Cortisol as a Medication
- Cortisol is also known as hydrocortisone when used as a medication, often to treat conditions such as Addison's disease or adrenal insufficiency.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the natural glucocorticoid hormone cortisol. Learn about its production, functions, and effects on the body in response to stress and low blood-glucose concentration.
