Coronary Artery Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Coronary Arteries Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about the left anterior descending artery (LAD) is correct?

It originates from the right coronary artery in cases of left dominance.

It runs in the anterior interventricular groove and supplies the anterior papillary muscle. (correct)

It supplies the posterior one-third of the interventricular septum.

It terminates by anastomosing with the circumflex artery.

In right coronary dominance, which artery supplies the posterior one-third of the interventricular septum?

Circumflex artery

Left anterior descending artery (LAD)

Marginal artery

Posterior interventricular artery (correct)

Which of the following statements about left coronary dominance is correct?

It is the most common pattern, occurring in approximately 70% of individuals.

The posterior interventricular artery originates from the right coronary artery.

The left coronary artery supplies only the left atrium and left ventricle.

The circumflex artery gives rise to the posterior interventricular artery. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a tributary of the coronary sinus?

$\text{Left anterior descending vein}$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the distribution of the left coronary artery is correct?

It supplies most of the left atrium and left ventricle, as well as most of the interventricular septum. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries anastomoses with the termination of the posterior interventricular artery?

Left anterior descending artery (LAD) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures does the left coronary artery not supply?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

In a right dominant coronary circulation, which artery supplies the posterior descending artery?

Right coronary artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins does not drain directly into the coronary sinus?

Anterior cardiac veins Signup and view all the answers

In a left dominant coronary circulation, which artery supplies the posterior descending artery?

Left circumflex artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a branch of the right coronary artery?

Diagonal branch Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the coronary sinus is incorrect?

It receives blood from the anterior cardiac veins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the left coronary artery is correct?

It originates from the left posterior aortic sinus and passes between the pulmonary trunk and the left auricle before entering the coronary sulcus. Signup and view all the answers

In which percentage of the population does the artery of the sinoatrial (S.A.) node arise from the right coronary artery?

60% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a branch of the right coronary artery?

Anterior interventricular artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT drained by the coronary sinus tributaries?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

In what percentage of the population does the branch to the atrioventricular (A.V.) node arise from the right coronary artery?

90% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding coronary artery dominance is correct?

In a right-dominant system, the right coronary artery supplies the posterior interventricular artery, while in a left-dominant system, the left coronary artery supplies the posterior interventricular artery. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Coronary Arteries

The left coronary artery is approximately 2 cm long and divides into two branches: the circumflex branch and the left anterior descending artery (LAD) or anterior interventricular artery.

Circumflex Branch

The circumflex branch runs in the posterior atrio-ventricular groove.
It gives off marginal branches and obtuse marginal branches.
It ends by anastomosing with the right coronary artery.

Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)

The LAD runs in the anterior interventricular groove to the apex, then the posterior interventricular groove.
It ends by anastomosing with the termination of the posterior interventricular artery.
During its course, it supplies the anterior septal, anterior lateral, and apical portions of the left ventricle and the anterior papillary muscle.

Distribution Pattern of Left Coronary Artery

The left coronary artery supplies most of the left atrium and left ventricle, and most of the interventricular septum, including the atrioventricular bundle and its branches.

Variations of Coronary Arteries

Right dominance: The posterior interventricular artery originates from the right coronary artery (70%).
Left dominance: The posterior interventricular artery originates from the circumflex artery (20%).

Coronary Arteries and Heart Chambers

The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium, right ventricle, and inferior aspect of the left ventricle.
The left coronary artery supplies the left atrium, left ventricle, and most of the interventricular septum.

Right Coronary Artery

Origin: The right coronary artery originates from the anterior superior aortic sinus of the ascending aorta.
Course: It passes to the right between the right auricle and the pulmonary trunk, then descends vertically in the coronary sulcus.
Branches:
- Artery of SA node (60% of population)
- Branch to AV node (90% of population)
- Marginal branches: supply both surfaces of the right ventricle
- Right posterior descending (Posterior interventricular artery): supplies inferior aspect of RV, LV, interventricular septum, and posterior papillary muscle

Clinical Correlation

Damage to vessels supplying portions of the conducting system leads to specific defects (myocardial infarction).
Sick sinus syndrome (tachy-brady syndrome): due to damage to the sinus nodal artery.
Damage to the artery supplying the AV node or bundle of His leads to complete heart block.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of coronary arteries, specifically focusing on the Circumflex Branch and Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Branch. Learn about their courses, branches, and connections with other arteries.

Coronary Arteries Anatomy Quiz