Corneal Physiology and Clinical Applications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the cornea is highly hydrophilic?

  • Endothelium
  • Epithelium
  • Basal lamina
  • Stroma (correct)

What is the primary contributor of glucose to all corneal layers?

  • Tears
  • Aqueous humor (correct)
  • Limbal capillaries
  • Vitamins

Which process is the principal provider of energy to epithelial cells?

  • Glycolysis (correct)
  • Glycogen synthesis
  • Krebs cycle
  • Lactic acid pathway

Where does lactic acid pass through in corneal stress?

<p>Endothelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lactic acid accumulation in corneal stress lead to?

<p>Acidosis and edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen levels during sleep?

<p>Decrease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which junctions restrict the amount of fluid entering from the tear film into the cornea?

<p>Tight junctions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the basal cells of the cornea connected to each other?

<p>By gap junctions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cornea obtains glucose from the aqueous humor by diffusion?

<p>Endothelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for corneal transparency?

<p>Corneal hydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first response of epithelium after injury?

<p>Stop basal cell mitosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cornea can regenerate if damaged?

<p>Stroma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can contribute to astigmatism besides the cornea?

<p>Lens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of recurrent corneal erosion?

<p>Incomplete healing of an abrasion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of keratoconus?

<p>Thinning and degeneration of the stroma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Hassall-Henle bodies?

<p>Small excrescences of the posterior surface of Descemet’s membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicative of endothelial dysfunction in the cornea?

<p>Corneal guttata (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause corneal edema resulting in impaired visual acuity?

<p>Endothelial damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to corneal neovascularization?

<p>Corneal infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristic symptoms of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infection in the eye?

<p>Red eye, photophobia, tearing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Na/K pump in the corneal epithelium?

<p>Moving K+ into the epithelium and Na+ into the stroma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the movement of water between the endothelium and anterior chamber?

<p>Concentration gradient of ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the K+ channel respond to corneal changes in pH?

<p>By moving more K+ into the aqueous, moving Cl- and water out to restore normal thickness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Na+/2HCO3- cotransporter in the endothelium?

<p>Moving water between endothelium and anterior chamber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of oxygen for the cornea when the eye is open?

<p>Atmosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the partial pressure of O2 in the tears when the eye is closed?

<p>Decreases to 55 mmHg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the posterior stroma and endothelium receive oxygen from when the eye is closed?

<p>Aqueous humor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of oxygen for the epithelium when the eye is closed?

<p>Superior palpebral conjunctiva and limbal vasculature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the regeneration of corneal epithelium when the basement membrane (BM) remains intact?

<p>Mitosis of basal cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporter in the corneal epithelium?

<p>Moving K+ and Cl- into the epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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