Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the main recommendations by the EPA for electronic recyclers?
What is one of the main recommendations by the EPA for electronic recyclers?
Designing for repair means creating systems that cannot be fixed once they break.
Designing for repair means creating systems that cannot be fixed once they break.
False
Name one factor to consider when selecting an electronic recycler.
Name one factor to consider when selecting an electronic recycler.
Environmental responsibility
Designing for ______ means including elements that can be easily upgraded, rather than replacing entire components.
Designing for ______ means including elements that can be easily upgraded, rather than replacing entire components.
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Match the following recycling terms with their definitions:
Match the following recycling terms with their definitions:
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What type of materials should be included in designs to minimize environmental impact?
What type of materials should be included in designs to minimize environmental impact?
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Environmental considerations are only relevant at the end of a product's life cycle.
Environmental considerations are only relevant at the end of a product's life cycle.
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What is one method the EPA recommends for reducing emissions during recycling?
What is one method the EPA recommends for reducing emissions during recycling?
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What is the primary goal of refurbishing computers?
What is the primary goal of refurbishing computers?
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Commercial refurbishers primarily focus on non-profit organizations.
Commercial refurbishers primarily focus on non-profit organizations.
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What are the two divisions of refurbishing mentioned?
What are the two divisions of refurbishing mentioned?
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One working computer can be built from ___ to ___ non-working computers.
One working computer can be built from ___ to ___ non-working computers.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of non-commercial refurbishers?
Which of the following is a characteristic of non-commercial refurbishers?
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Most computer recyclers prefer shredding and smelting to refurbishing.
Most computer recyclers prefer shredding and smelting to refurbishing.
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Match the following refurbishing initiatives with their focus:
Match the following refurbishing initiatives with their focus:
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Refurbishing involves repairing or ___ used electronic equipment instead of recycling.
Refurbishing involves repairing or ___ used electronic equipment instead of recycling.
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What is one of the main reasons for computer recycling?
What is one of the main reasons for computer recycling?
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Computer recycling is straightforward due to the simplicity of the materials involved.
Computer recycling is straightforward due to the simplicity of the materials involved.
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Name one environmental benefit of recycling old computers.
Name one environmental benefit of recycling old computers.
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Computer recyclers primarily seek to recover precious metals such as _____, _____, and _____ for reuse.
Computer recyclers primarily seek to recover precious metals such as _____, _____, and _____ for reuse.
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Match the following recycling terms with their corresponding descriptions:
Match the following recycling terms with their corresponding descriptions:
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Which of the following is NOT a reason to recycle old equipment?
Which of the following is NOT a reason to recycle old equipment?
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Computer recyclers often consist of small, local businesses.
Computer recyclers often consist of small, local businesses.
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What is one common challenge faced in computer recycling?
What is one common challenge faced in computer recycling?
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Study Notes
Cooling Costs
- Cooling accounts for up to 63% of IT department power usage.
- Spending on cooling should be carefully considered.
- Power is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh).
- A 100-watt lightbulb uses 100 watt-hours in 60 minutes (1 kWh/hour for 10 bulbs).
- Electricity costs vary regionally.
Power Costs
- Electricity is paid for per kilowatt-hour (kWh).
- Examples include a 100-watt bulb to determine hourly electricity costs.
- A basic electrical device (lightbulb) is used as an example to illustrate the concept.
- Table showing commercial power costs in 2006 and 2007 (cents per kWh) for different regions in the US. (specific values not extracted).
- International Data Corp. (IDC) estimated $29 billion spent on cooling datacenters in 2007; a 400% increase from 2000.
Causes of Cost Increase
- Increased server and storage device deployment increases power consumption.
- Increased heat density in racks due to higher computing power in limited space leads to higher cooling costs.
Calculating Cooling Needs
- Equipment, lighting, and personnel generate heat (e.g., measured in BTUs or kW).
- 1kW = 3412 BTUs.
- Room cooling calculation formula (Room Area BTU = Length (m) × Width (m) × 337).
- Use this to calculate the cooling needs of the room. (details of variables are not extracted).
- Window formulas for inclusion in the calculation in cases where windows have south or north facing windows which need to be accounted for.
- Heat load calculation considers room size, windows, and people in the room.
- 400 BTUs per person in the room to be considered for the total heat load. (formula is not extracted)
- Equipment BTU = Total wattage for all equipment × 3.5
- Lighting BTU = Total wattage for all lighting × 4.25
- Total Heat Load = Room Area BTU + Windows BTU + Total Occupant BTU + Equipment BTU + Lighting BTU
Reducing Cooling Costs
- Deploy equipment that uses less power to reduce cooling needs.
- Methods to reduce costs are offered.
On-Demand Cooling
- On-demand cooling systems are becoming increasingly common.
- Air-to-air coolers are smaller and wheeled into rooms for temporary cooling.
- Water-based units are larger and connect to a water source and drain.
Optimizing Airflow
- Proper airflow exchange in high-density datacenters is crucial, requiring 50 times/hour of exchange.
- Hot/cold aisle configuration is discussed, directing airflow.
- Cables are routed in hot aisles to minimize disruption of airflow.
- Implementing vapor barriers is critical to controlling humidity.
- Recirculation of equipment exhaust should be prevented.
Supply Air Directly to Heat Sources
- Using the correct air diffusers to deliver cooling directly to heat-generating equipment is important.
- Correct placement of supply and return vents is essential to efficient cooling.
- Avoid placing vents near heat exhausts.
- Minimize air leaks in a raised-floor datacenter to maintain temperature control.
Providing Enough Supply of Cooling:
- Under-floor supply plenums must be adequately sized for effective cooling in datacenters.
Fans
- Fans should be checked for efficient operation to minimize energy consumption in cooling systems.
- Using low pressure drop systems and auxiliary fans can improve fan efficiency.
Humidity
- Using proper humidity sensors and maintaining an ideal humidity level is essential for datacenter equipment.
- Establish a schedule to calibrate sensors. (details are not extracted).
- Avoid use of multiple humidity sources battling each other and making systems inefficient.
Adding cooling
- Sufficient cooling capacity is needed for "equipment-dense" datacenters.
- Fluid-based cooling (chilled water or refrigerant) for heat transport. (Advantages/Disadvantages are listed for each)
Green Design Principles
- Design equipment for upgradability.
- Design for minimal power consumption.
- Design for recycling of components.
- Includes recommendations for how to build a green datacenter.
Recycling
- Methods for recycling computers.
- Discusses the role of recycling companies/operations involved. (types of recyclers are extracted).
Hard Drive Recycling
- Methods for safely removing data.
Consequences of Data Handling/Disposal
- Possible harm to a company/organization if the data is handled improperly.
Green PCs
- Key features: Energy efficiency, sustainable materials, reduced e-waste.
- Benefits: Reduced carbon footprint, enhanced reputation, reduced costs.
Green Notebooks
- Key features: Recycled materials, sustainable paper, minimal packaging, non-toxic ink.
- Benefits: Reduced deforestation, lower carbon footprint, reduced e-waste.
Green Servers
- Key features: Energy efficiency, renewable energy, sustainable materials, reduced e-waste, low carbon footprint.
- Benefits: Reduced costs, sustainability improvements.
Green Data Centers
- Focus on reducing environmental impact.
- Energy efficiency, renewable energy, sustainable design, waste reduction, water conservation, and management monitoring are some key components.
- Also addresses cloud computing solutions as well as overall design aspects.
Green Data Storage
- Focus on energy-efficient hardware (SSD, hard drives), virtualization, storage optimization (reducing redundancy), and sustainable practices.
- Highlights various considerations such as minimizing overall energy consumption, balancing growing demands of storage with environmental concerns and using recycling procedures.
Green Software
- Focus on minimizing energy consumption, optimizing code, and considering the environmental impact (during the entire lifespan).
- A crucial way to minimize environmental effect of software.
Green Networking and Communication
- Energy efficiency (efficient network devices, protocols).
- Resource management (waste reduction), sustainable technologies (energy-efficient equipment).
- Virtualization, renewable energy for power, and reduced e-waste are also highlighted.
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Description
This quiz explores the critical factors influencing cooling and power costs within IT departments. Understand the impact of electricity consumption, regional pricing differences, and the rise in data center cooling expenses over the years. Test your knowledge on how these elements affect overall IT infrastructure costs.
