Conventions de guerre et droit international

Conventions of War and International Law

• Prisoner of War Officers (POW): POW officers are not required to salute superior officers, are not permitted to wear rank insignia or decorations.

• Sanitary and Religious Personnel: During armed conflict, sanitary and religious personnel are to be respected and protected. They are entitled to all available assistance in performing their duties.

• Distinctive Signs: The red cross on a white background is a recognized sign, but not every distinctive sign complies with conventions. Other signs included are not covered in this document.

• Ottawa Convention (2005): This convention prohibits the use of anti-personnel landmines and biological weapons, but the document also discusses other prohibited weaponry.

• Universal Declaration of Human Rights: The UN General Assembly declared the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948.

• Laws of War (Hague): These laws govern the conduct of hostilities in international war. One aspect is the limitations on the means of harming the opposing force.

• Geneva Conventions: These laws cover the conduct of warfare and the protection of civilians and prisoners of war. They deal with the protection of those who are not actively participating in conflict.

• International Humanitarian Law (IHL): IHL does not decide whether a state has the right to use force. IHL also determines types of weaponry that can be used.

• Prohibited Actions: It is forbidden to harm or kill an enemy who surrenders or is out of combat.

• Combatants: Militias and volunteers are considered combatants.

• Prisoners of War (POWs): Members of armed forces, militias, and volunteer corps are POWs, as are members of regular armed forces fighting for unrecognized governments

• Espionage and Sabotage: Spies, saboteurs, and mercenaries do not automatically qualify as POWs.

• Ruses of War: Simple ruses of war are not forbidden

• Cluster Munitions: Cluster bombs are outlawed, as they do not distinguish between combatants and civilians and cause considerable harm to both.

Other Legal and Historical Information

• International Criminal Court (ICC): Established in 1998, the ICC is an international court.

• Foundation of Kairouan: The city of Kairouan was founded in 670.

• Military History: Military history is a crucial area of study.

• Leadership: Several figures and their perspectives are mentioned regarding leadership traits and styles in war.

• Human Needs: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is referenced in this context.