Control Statements and Loops

Control Statements

• Conditional Control statements: Used to control the flow of execution based on conditions
• if(condition): Executes a block of code if the condition is true
• if-else: Executes one block if the condition is true and another block if it's false
• if-else-if ladder:Allows multiple conditions to be checked sequentially.
• switch(): Allows multiple options based on the value of an expression.
• switch(variable/expression)

Loops

• Loops execute a block of code repeatedly until a condition is met
• while: The condition is checked at the beginning of each iteration.
• while(condition): Executes a block of code while the condition is true
• do-while: The condition is checked at the end of each iteration.
• do{code;} while(condition); - Ensures the code runs at least once.
• for: Used for a specific number of iterations.
• for(initialization;condition;update): Executes a block of code a set number of times -Initialization: executed once before the loop begins -Condition: tested before each iteration -Update/Increment: executed after each iteration.

Jump Statements

• break: Used to exit a loop or switch statement prematurely.
• continue: Skips the current iteration of a loop and proceeds to the next.
• goto: Transfers control to a labeled statement within the code.

Conditional Statements Considerations

• Unreachable Code: Code that will never be executed because a prior condition always evaluates to true/false.
• Case Values: Case labels within a switch statement must be unique and constant expressions (e.g., integers, characters).
• Duplicate Case Labels: Not allowed in a switch statement
• Valid Expression Choices in Switch: The expression in a switch statement must be a value (int, char, or enumerated type)

General Notes

• Indentation: Crucial for code readability and correct execution; especially in loops and conditional statements.
• Comments: Documenting code enhances understanding and maintainability.
• Data Types: Variables must have appropriate data types that match the operation you are performing (int, float, etc.)

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of control statements and loops in programming. Test your understanding of conditional statements like if-else and switch, as well as various types of loops, including while, do-while, and for. Master these concepts to enhance your programming skills.