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Questions and Answers
What is responsible for sudden responses to stimuli in animals?
Which system in humans produces and secretes hormones for control and coordination?
What are the five sense organs responsible for in the human body?
Which part of the body consists of nerve fibres and nerve cells for transmitting impulses?
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What is the primary function of the nervous system in animals and humans?
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What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
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What is the function of the Central Nervous System?
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Which part of the neuron transmits nerve impulses towards the cell body?
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Which part of the brain is responsible for control and coordination of voluntary functions?
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What is the main function of the Peripheral Nervous System?
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Study Notes
Control and Coordination
- Control and coordination in humans involve the nervous system and the endocrine system that produce and secrete hormones.
- The five sense organs in our body, eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin are called receptors and receive information from the environment around us.
Nervous System
- The nervous system consists of nerve fibers and nerve cells that transmit impulses between different parts of the body.
- It synchronizes functions by passing signals to and from different parts of the body.
- It detects physical responses on any part of the body due to various changes such as temperature, pressure, light, etc.
Neuron
- The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system.
- It receives and transmits electrical nerve impulses.
- A neuron comprises:
- Cell body consisting of a nucleus and granular cytoplasm called Nissl's granules.
- Dendrites are several branched, finger-like projections that transmit nerve impulses towards the cell body.
- Axon arises from the cell body, branched at the distal end.
- Schwann cells in the axon are covered by a myelin sheath.
- Space between the myelin sheath is known as Nodes of Ranvier.
- End of the axon contains bulb-like structures called the Synaptic Knob.
Parts of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System
- Consists of the brain and spinal cord.
- Generates sensory emotions, thoughts, and emotions, leading to the formation of memories.
- Gathers information from all over the body and synchronizes its activity accordingly.
- Controls the rate at which we breathe, heart rate, body temperature, etc.
Peripheral Nervous System
- Consists of nerves and everything that goes down the spinal cord.
- Brings information from all parts of the body to the brain.
- Includes nerves connecting sense organs, organs, blood vessels, etc. to the CNS.
Organs of the Human Nervous System
- Brain: controls all the actions of the body, receives signals from sensory organs.
- Comprises of three parts:
- Forebrain: controls and coordinates all voluntary functions, thinking part of the brain.
- Midbrain: transmits signals from hindbrain and forebrain, controls movement and balance.
- Hindbrain: connects and coordinates all parts of the brain.
- Comprises of three parts:
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Description
Explore how animals regulate responses to stimuli, from falling asleep to reacting quickly to dangers. Learn about the system responsible for these actions.
