10 Questions
What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
What is the space between the myelin sheath known as?
Nodes of Ranvier
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling the rate at which we breathe and heart rate?
Central Nervous System
What part of the brain is involved in the control and coordination of all voluntary functions?
Forebrain
How does control and coordination take place in human beings?
Through the nervous system and endocrine system
What is responsible for bringing information from all parts of the body to the brain?
Peripheral Nervous System
What are the five sense organs in the human body called?
Receptors
What is the system responsible for sudden responses to stimuli in animals?
Nervous system
What are the sense organs, nervous system, and hormones involved in?
Response and coordination
What does the nervous system consist of?
Nerve fibres and nerve cells
Study Notes
Control and Coordination
- Control and coordination in humans involve the nervous system and the endocrine system, which produce and secrete hormones.
- The five sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin) are called receptors and receive information from the environment.
Nervous System
- The nervous system consists of nerve fibers and nerve cells that transmit impulses between different parts of the body.
- It synchronizes functions by passing signals to and from different parts of the body.
- The nervous system detects physical responses to changes, such as temperature, pressure, and light.
- It coordinates with the endocrine system to react accordingly.
Neuron
- The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system.
- It receives and transmits electrical nerve impulses.
- A neuron consists of:
- Cell body with a nucleus and granular cytoplasm (Nissl’s granules)
- Dendrites (several branched, finger-like projections)
- Axon (branched at the distal end)
- Schwann cells covered by a myelin sheath
- Nodes of Ranvier (space between myelin sheath)
- Synaptic Knob (bulb-like structure at the end of the axon)
Parts of the Nervous System
- The nervous system is divided into two main parts:
- Central Nervous System (CNS): brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): nerves and everything apart from the brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Consists of the brain and spinal cord
- Generates sensory emotions and produces thoughts and emotions, leading to the formation of memories
- Gathers information from all over the body and synchronizes its activity accordingly
- Controls breathing rate, heart rate, body temperature, etc.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- Includes nerves and everything that goes down the spinal cord
- Brings information from all parts of the body to the brain
- Nerves in the PNS are known as peripheral nerves, connecting sense organs and all other organs to the CNS.
Organs of the Human Nervous System
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Nerves
Explore the mechanisms behind how animals respond to stimuli, regulate sleep patterns, and coordinate body movements. Learn about the systems responsible for these processes and understand the intricate functions of the nervous system in animals.
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