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Contrast Media Allergic Reactions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the pathophysiologic explanations for allergic-like hypersensitivity reactions?

Conversion of nitric oxide into L-arginine

Activation of the contact and complement systems (correct)

Activation of the IV clotting system

Conversion of L-arginine into oxygen

What is a benefit of premedication according to the text?

Increased release of histamine from basophils

Increase in the likelihood of contrast reactions

Reduction in the size and complexity of contrast molecules

Reduction of immediate adverse events from high-osmolality contrast media (correct)

Which type of contrast media is generally associated with less adverse events according to the text?

High-osmolality nonionic dimers

Low-osmolality nonionic monomers (correct)

Iso-osmolality nonionic dimers

High-osmolality ionic monomers

Which type of patient population was NOT studied in the randomized trials of premedication?

High-risk patients Signup and view all the answers

What influence does hyperosmolality of the contrast medium have on the likelihood of contrast reactions?

Stimulation of histamine release from basophils and mast cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number needed to premedicate to prevent one severe reaction in high-risk patients?

569 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of contrast media is generally associated with a reduced likelihood of physiologic reactions following intravenous administration?

Low-osmolality nonionic monomers Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential benefit of premedication for average-risk patients prior to high-osmolality iodinated contrast medium administration?

Reducing the likelihood of immediate adverse events Signup and view all the answers

What do many experts believe about the efficacy of premedication in high-risk patients receiving low-osmolality iodinated contrast medium?

Premedication reduces the likelihood of a reaction Signup and view all the answers

What was one limitation of the randomized trials of premedication discussed in the text?

Inconclusive results on the effect of premedication in high-risk patients Signup and view all the answers