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Contraception Methods
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Contraception Methods

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of IUDs?

  • They are comparable to tubal ligation in terms of effectiveness (correct)
  • They provide protection against STDs
  • They are available without prescription
  • They are hormonal methods
  • What is the purpose of spermicides?

  • To prevent STDs
  • To kill sperm and prevent pregnancy (correct)
  • To fit over the cervix
  • To insert IUDs
  • What is the most widely used spermicide?

  • Nonoxynol-11
  • Nonoxynol-8
  • Nonoxynol-10
  • Nonoxynol-9 (correct)
  • What is the function of a diaphragm?

    <p>To fit over the cervix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for a vaginal pouch?

    <p>Female condom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a male condom?

    <p>To prevent deposition of sperm in the female reproductive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of barrier methods?

    <p>They provide protection against STDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using a spermicide with a barrier method?

    <p>It provides additional protection against pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) in preventing pregnancy?

    <p>Suppressing the gonadotropins FSH and LH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of oral hormonal method contains only progestin and is taken every day of the month?

    <p>Minipill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the contraceptive skin patch (Ortho Evra) used?

    <p>Applied once a week for three weeks, then removed for one week</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of progestin-only pills on ovulation?

    <p>They do not consistently inhibit ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the inactive pills in the combined pill?

    <p>To permit menstruation to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of hormone-containing pills in Seasonale?

    <p>12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on implantation?

    <p>They block implantation in the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of using a cervical cap?

    <p>It is not effective in preventing HIV infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of the rhythm method for birth control?

    <p>Abstaining from sexual activity on days of ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a cervical cap?

    <p>It is smaller and more rigid than a diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the rhythm method for birth control?

    <p>It is not effective for women with irregular menstrual cycles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically used in conjunction with a cervical cap?

    <p>Spermicides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a cervical cap?

    <p>To prevent pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Contraception Methods

    • IUDs (Intrauterine Devices) have long-term effectiveness comparable to tubal ligation, but some women may experience expulsion, bleeding, or discomfort.

    Spermicides

    • Spermicides are foams, creams, jellies, suppositories, or douches that contain sperm-killing agents, available without prescription.
    • They work by making the vagina and cervix unfavorable for sperm survival and are more effective when used with a barrier method.
    • Nonoxynol-9 is the most widely used spermicide, which kills sperm by disrupting their plasma membranes.

    Barrier Methods

    • Barrier methods use a physical barrier to prevent sperm from entering the uterine cavity and uterine tubes.
    • They can also provide some protection against STDs.
    • Examples of barrier methods include the male condom, vaginal pouch, diaphragm, and cervical cap.

    Male Condom

    • A male condom is a nonporous, latex covering placed over the penis to prevent deposition of sperm in the female reproductive tract.

    Vaginal Pouch

    • A vaginal pouch, also known as a female condom, is designed to prevent sperm from entering the uterus.
    • It consists of two flexible rings connected by a polyurethane sheath, one ring inside the sheath and the other outside the vagina.

    Diaphragm

    • A diaphragm is a rubber, dome-shaped structure that fits over the cervix and is used in conjunction with a spermicide.
    • It can be inserted up to 6 hours before intercourse and stops most sperm from passing into the cervix.
    • It also decreases the risk of some STDs, but does not fully protect against HIV infection.

    Cervical Cap

    • A cervical cap resembles a diaphragm but is smaller and more rigid.
    • It fits snugly over the cervix and must be fitted by a health-care professional.
    • Spermicides should be used with the cervical cap.

    Rhythm Method

    • The rhythm method involves abstaining from sexual activity on the days when ovulation is likely to occur in each reproductive cycle.
    • The effectiveness of the rhythm method for birth control is poor in many women due to the irregularity of the female reproductive cycle.

    Hormonal Contraception

    • Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) inhibit ovulation by suppressing the gonadotropins FSH and LH.
    • COCs also block implantation in the uterus and inhibit the transport of ova and sperm in the uterine tubes.

    Progestin Only Pills

    • Progestin only pills thicken cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus.
    • They may also block implantation in the uterus, but do not consistently inhibit ovulation.

    Variations of Oral Hormonal Methods of Contraception

    • Combined pill: contains both progestin and estrogens, taken once a day for three weeks to prevent pregnancy and regulate the menstrual cycle.
    • Seasonale: contains both progestin and estrogens, taken once a day in 3-month cycles of 12 weeks of hormone-containing pills followed by one week of inactive pills.
    • Minipill: contains progestin only and is taken every day of the month.

    Contraceptive Skin Patch (Ortho Evra)

    • Contains both progestin and estrogens, delivered in a skin patch placed on the skin once a week for three weeks.
    • After one week, the patch is removed and a new one is placed elsewhere, with no patch used during the fourth week.

    Vaginal Contraceptive Ring (Nuvaring)

    • A flexible ring that contains both progestin and estrogens, inserted into the vagina and left in place for three weeks.
    • It is then removed for one week, allowing menstruation to occur.

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    Description

    This quiz covers various methods of contraception, including IUDs and spermicides, their effectiveness, and limitations. Learn about the advantages and disadvantages of each method and how they work.

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