Context Dependent Memory Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of systematic desensitization?

  • To increase anxiety levels
  • To reinforce negative behaviors
  • To understand the root cause of phobias
  • To teach relaxation techniques to combat anxiety (correct)

Which type of conditioning uses rewards and punishments for behavior?

  • Classical conditioning
  • Two-stage theory
  • Stimulus generalization
  • Operant conditioning (correct)

What is the main difference between positive punishment and negative punishment?

  • Positive punishment always involves rewards, negative punishment always involves punishments
  • Positive punishment takes away a consequence, negative punishment adds a consequence
  • Positive punishment adds a consequence, negative punishment takes away a consequence (correct)
  • Positive punishment occurs after desired behavior, negative punishment occurs before desired behavior

What does a reinforcer do in operant conditioning?

<p>Increases the likelihood of a behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves taking away a certain item after an undesired behavior to decrease future responses?

<p>Negative punishment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does operant conditioning establish an association between behavior and consequence?

<p>By employing rewards and punishments for behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of classical conditioning in the text?

<p>Dog salivating at the sound of a bell after repeated pairings with food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is related to the idea of one-trial learning?

<p>Phobias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does exposure therapy based on habituation aim to achieve?

<p>Decrease conditioned responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of stimulus generalization mentioned in the text?

<p>Dog salivating at different sounds similar to a bell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study demonstrates the idea that some associations are innately easier to make?

<p>The Garcia-Koelling taste-aversion study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned response?

<p>The reflexive response without prior learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?

<p>Classical conditioning involves reflexive behavior, while operant conditioning involves voluntary behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)?

<p>A stimulus that automatically triggers a response without prior conditioning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key concept in phobias according to Mower’s two-stage theory?

<p>Phobias are introduced through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during classical conditioning when a Neutral Stimulus (NS) is consistently paired with an Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)?

<p>The Neutral Stimulus (NS) becomes a Conditioned Stimulus (CS). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does stimulus generalization play a role in classical conditioning?

<p>Stimulus generalization involves responding to similar stimuli as the Conditioned Stimulus (CS). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an action as part of Operant Conditioning?

<p>It is a learned behavior influenced by reinforcement or punishment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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