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Questions and Answers
What is the primary feature of contemporary global governance according to the text?
What is the primary feature of contemporary global governance according to the text?
Which of the following is identified as a source of global governance in the text?
Which of the following is identified as a source of global governance in the text?
What is the primary defining characteristic of an International Organization (IO) according to the text?
What is the primary defining characteristic of an International Organization (IO) according to the text?
Which of the following is identified as a power of International Organizations (IOs)?
Which of the following is identified as a power of International Organizations (IOs)?
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What is the significance of IOs being viewed as a 'legitimate source of information' according to the text?
What is the significance of IOs being viewed as a 'legitimate source of information' according to the text?
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What is the approximate number of intercontinental organizations around the world?
What is the approximate number of intercontinental organizations around the world?
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What is the primary goal of the United Nations?
What is the primary goal of the United Nations?
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Which organ of the United Nations is considered the most powerful?
Which organ of the United Nations is considered the most powerful?
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How many member states are part of the Security Council?
How many member states are part of the Security Council?
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Which organ is responsible for conducting cutting-edge analysis and advocating for progress within the United Nations?
Which organ is responsible for conducting cutting-edge analysis and advocating for progress within the United Nations?
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What is the main responsibility of the International Court of Justice?
What is the main responsibility of the International Court of Justice?
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What is the role of the Secretariat in the United Nations?
What is the role of the Secretariat in the United Nations?
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Study Notes
Global Governance in the 21st Century
- There is no single global government that states are accountable to, and states are not compelled to obey predetermined global rules.
- Sources of global governance include:
- States signing treaties and forming organizations that legislate public international law
- International non-governmental organizations (NGOs) lobbying individual states to enact laws and policies
- Transnational and multinational corporations influencing global laws, environmental legislation, and trade policy
International Organizations (IOs)
- IOs are commonly referred to as international organizations made up of member-states, such as the United Nations, IMF, World Bank, and WTO.
- IOs can take on lives of their own and become influential, exhibiting powers.
- There are over 300 intercontinental organizations around the world.
Powers of International Organizations
- IOs have the power of classification, inventing and applying categories that create powerful global standards.
- IOs have the power to fix meanings, and states, organizations, and individuals view them as a legitimate source of information that impacts policy formulation.
- IOs have the power to diffuse norms.
The United Nations
- The primary goal of the UN is to avert global war.
- The UN aims to:
- Maintain international peace and security
- Protect human rights
- Deliver humanitarian aid
- Promote sustainable development
- Uphold international law
Organs of the UN
- The UN has six organs:
- The General Assembly
- Security Council
- Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
- International Court of Justice
- The Secretariat
- The inactive Trusteeship Council
General Assembly
- The General Assembly is the main deliberative and policymaking organ.
- Decisions on important questions (e.g., peace and security, admission of new members, budgetary matters) require a 2/3 majority.
Security Council
- The Security Council is considered the most powerful organ.
- It consists of 15 member states, with 5 permanent members (China, France, Russia, UK, and USA) and 10 non-permanent members elected for two-year terms.
- The Security Council is responsible for:
- Maintaining international peace and security
- Determining the existence of a threat to peace or act of aggression
- Recommending methods of adjustment or terms of settlement
- Imposing sanctions or authorizing the use of force to maintain or restore international peace and security
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
- ECOSOC conducts cutting-edge analysis, agrees on global norms, and advocates for progress.
- It is the principal body for coordination, policy review, policy dialogue, and recommendations on social and environmental issues.
- ECOSOC has 54 members elected for three-year terms and focuses on sustainable development, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change.
International Court of Justice
- The International Court of Justice settles legal disputes between states and provides advisory opinions to authorized UN organs and specialized agencies.
- The Court decides disputes between countries based on the voluntary participation of states, and decisions are binding on participating states.
The Secretariat
- The Secretariat carries out substantive and administrative work as directed by the General Assembly, Security Council, and other organs.
- The Secretariat's responsibilities include:
- Gathering and preparing background information on various issues
- Helping to carry out decisions made by UN organs
- Organizing international conferences
- Translating speeches and distributing documents into the UN's official languages
- Keeping the public informed about the work of the United Nations
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Description
Explore the concept of global governance in the 21st century, focusing on the absence of a global government and the role of states, international organizations, NGOs, and corporations in shaping international law and policies.
